An examination of pharmaceutical systems in severely disrupted countries

Köhler, Jillian Clare; Pavignani, Enrico; Michael, Markus; Ovtcharenko, Natalia; Murru, Maurizio; Hill, Peter S

doi:10.1186/1472-698x-12-34

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The pattern of health systems focusing efforts on national healthcare treatment needs rather than on prevention and public health is well documented . In the contexts of Palestine, Lebanon, Somalia and Afghanistan, reliance on international aid and political instability further hamper efforts at mobilizing for health reform policies such as pharmacovigilance . International aid is by nature prone to politically motivated shifts which may not reflect the unique needs of the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…International aid is by nature prone to politically motivated shifts which may not reflect the unique needs of the population. A lack of coordination and accountability between disparate providers and agencies leads to duplicative and fragmented efforts . Even in cases where pharmacovigilance may have political support, persistent conflict often subsumes efforts at prioritizing drug safety, as resources are redirected to acute health situations and complex emergencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current state of pharmacovigilance in the Arab and Eastern Mediterranean region: results of a 2015 survey

Qato

2017

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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The findings suggest wide disparities in pharmacovigilance systems in the region, underscoring the need for a multistakeholder effort in bolstering programme development and the necessity to build collaboration regionally and internationally to enhance capacity, improve public and healthcare provider awareness and assist in the development of pharmacovigilance systems still in their nascent stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current state of pharmacovigilance in the Arab and Eastern Mediterranean region: results of a 2015 survey

Qato

2017

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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“…In fact, pharmaceutical markets appear equally buoyant in all the studied countries. 43 Logistics and delivery operations for centralised medical supply systems are very sensitive to state disarray, and rank among the first public functions to degenerate. Despite the high visibility of such a mixed market, its study is often neglected.…”

Section: Drugs Vaccines and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Making sense of apparent chaos: health-care provision in six country case studies

Pavignani¹,

Michael²,

Murru³

et al. 2013

Int. rev. Red Cross

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This research examines the impact on health-care provision of advanced state failure and of the violence frequently associated with it, drawing from six country case studies. In all contexts, the coverage and scope of health services change when the state fails. Human resources expand due to unplanned increased production. Injury, threat, death, displacement, migration, insufficient salaries, and degraded skills all impact on performance. Dwindling public domestic funding for health causes increasing household out-of-pocket expenditure. The supply, quality control, distribution, and utilisation of medicines are severely affected. Health information becomes incomplete and unreliable. Leadership and planning are compromised as international agencies pursue their own agendas, frequently disconnected from local dynamics. Yet beyond the state these arenas are crowded with autonomous health actors, who respond to state withdrawal and structural violence in assorted ways, from the harmful to the beneficial. Integrating these existing resources into a cohesive health system calls for a deeper understanding of this pluralism, initiative, adaptation and innovation, and a long-term reorientation of development assistance in order to engage them effectively.

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“…Medicines are essential to sustainable health care systems and reduce morbidity and mortality rates and enhance quality of life (Kohler et al, 2012). The medicine prices could play a crucial role in prescription decisions which ultimately affects pharmaceutical expenditures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of international approaches to medicine price regulation and control: A scoping review

et al. 2017

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Background:The access to affordable medicines is counted as a challenge, despite international measures taken towards cost containment and price regulation. Objective: To identify and review the literature on international approaches related to medicine price regulation, control, and its effectiveness. Methods: In this scoping review, peer-reviewed research and review articles, discussion papers, public documents relating to medicine pricing policies were reviewed. The search strategy was structured according to STARLITE principles. The key search terms and phrases were "medicine prices", "causes of high medicine prices", " approaches towards medicine prices control", "national medicine policies", "international approaches towards medicine price control", "containment policies", and "effects of pricing policy on medicine". Results: Medicine pricing and price regulation policies were drafted and implemented with no optimal results and things don't seem to have improved much and remain as the distant goal. These policies were either less comprehensive, outdated and fell short in implementation especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to lack of funding, infrastructure or trained professional task force. Overall, none of the policy options was preferred. Multi-pronged policy options crafted in local context are required to tackle the issue. Conclusion: The authors identify gaps in the literature and propose advanced research in the area to strengthen the healthcare system by improving medicine pricing system in each country.

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An examination of pharmaceutical systems in severely disrupted countries

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Current state of pharmacovigilance in the Arab and Eastern Mediterranean region: results of a 2015 survey

Current state of pharmacovigilance in the Arab and Eastern Mediterranean region: results of a 2015 survey

Making sense of apparent chaos: health-care provision in six country case studies

Efficacy of international approaches to medicine price regulation and control: A scoping review

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