An examination of practice effects in recognition

Postman, Leo

doi:10.3758/bf03202425

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Previous research by Postman (1982) would, at first glance, lead us to expect that general practice would have no effect on recognition memory. Postman (1982, Experiment 1) found no differences in accuracy in a yes-no recognition paradigm among groups of subjects who had or had not previously practiced the task with different materials. However, general practice effects have been found in other recognition memory studies (e.g., Anderson, 1981; Atkinson & Juola, 1973).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

The role of practice in fact retrieval.

Pirolli¹,

Anderson²

1985

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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Four experiments examined the relationship among massive practice, speed-up of memory retrieval, and the reduction of long-term memory interference. All experiments employed a multiday fact recognition procedure. Interference was varied by a fan manipulation: Concepts could appear in more than one fact (fan) or only one fact (no fan). We found that fact retrieval speeds up as a power function of days of practice but that the number of daily repetitions beyond four produced little or no impact on reaction time. In addition, interference decreased in proportion to the degree of practice but did not disappear even with 25 days of practice. Practice on specific facts and practice on the general task had multiplicative effects in reducing recognition time. Further, general task practice was found to decrease interference, suggesting that general central processes were speeding up. Most but not all of these practice effects and their interactions with interference are predicted by the ACT* model of fact retrieval.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

The role of practice in fact retrieval.

Pirolli¹,

Anderson²

1985

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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“…Older adults, like younger adults who are rushed at retrieval, exhibit an increase in both hit and false alarm rates after repetition (Benjamin, 2001). The explanation is the same as with the deadline manipulation: Older adults often have breakdowns in recollective processes, and when recollection fails during retrieval, the enhanced familiarity arising from repeated presentations leads to increases in hit rates and false alarm rates (Jacoby, 1999;Jennings & Jacoby, 1997;Postman, 1982). This set of findings has been referred to as the ironic effect of repetition (Jacoby, 1999), to highlight the observation that repetition at study can be a double-edged sword, by simultaneously helping and hurting memory accuracy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of repetition on memory for pragmatic inferences

McDermott

Chan

2006

Memory & Cognition

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Social interaction requires active inferential processing on the part of the listener. Such inferences can affect memory. For example, after hearing the karate champion hit the cinder block, one might erroneously recollect having heard the verb broke (Brewer, 1977)--a reasonable inference, but one not logically necessitated. The mechanisms behind this type of erroneous recollection have not been much explored. Experiments in the present article assessed the influence of repetition, response deadline, and age (cf. Jacoby, 1999), in an effort to demonstrate the dual contributions of familiarity and recollection underlying this phenomenon. For older adults, repetition at encoding increased the later likelihood of erroneously recognizing pragmatic inferences. For younger adults, repetition exerted the opposite effect. Both age groups, however, benefited from a second study-test trial. Experiment 2 demonstrated a similar interaction on a cued recall test for younger adults, whereby repetition exerted different influences as a function of time permitted during retrieval. Implications for theories of memory and discourse processing are considered.

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“…The DOP, DOLP and DOCP of a garnet's Stokes vector can be defined by the following equations :

D O P = \frac{\sqrt{S_{1}^{2} + S_{2}^{2} + S_{3}^{2}}}{S_{0}},

D O L P = \frac{\sqrt{S_{1}^{2} + S_{2}^{2}}}{S_{0}},

D O C P = \frac{| S_{3} |}{S_{0}} .

…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization modulation based on rotation of a garnet with grooved films

Jiao

Gao

Chen

2015

Phys. Status Solidi A

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Garnets with grooved films are used to modulate the polarization property of a laser beam. The polarization properties of a laser beam that interacts with a garnet and grooved films are studied by Stokes polarimeters. The period of the grooved films is 400 μm and the width of the grooved films is 200 μm, which is far more than the wavelength of the laser beam. The experimental results demonstrate that the rotation of a garnet with grooved films can modulate the degree of polarization of the laser beam from 0.16 to 0.945, the arbitrary change of degree of circular polarization is larger than that the degree of linear polarization due to scattering effects.

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An examination of practice effects in recognition

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

The role of practice in fact retrieval.

The role of practice in fact retrieval.

Effects of repetition on memory for pragmatic inferences

Polarization modulation based on rotation of a garnet with grooved films

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