“…One promising approach to enhancing recall effectiveness that has been the subject of much research in recent years is the provision of content enhancement instructions prior to a reading task; for example, instructing the reader to generate questions while reading (Rosenshine, Meister & Chapman, 1996); read with a specific study purpose in mind (Ishiwa, Sanjose & Otero, 2013), or summarize the text (Bean & Steenwyk, 1984;Doctorow, Wittrock & Marks, 1978;Head, Readence & Buss, 1989). Previous studies have found that issuing a reader with a set of instructions that encourage deep processing during the reading task can improve their ability to answer multiple choice (MC) questions (Graesser & Lehman, 2011) and, hence, creates a clearer global mental representation of the text.…”