An examination of the crash involvement rates of novice drivers aged 16 to 55

Cooper, Peter; Pinili, Mario; Chen, Wenjun

doi:10.1016/0001-4575(94)00052-n

Cited by 76 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Este comportamiento refuerza las conclusiones de Underwood, Chapman, Berger et al (2003), quienes encontraron que los conductores expertos y noveles tuvieron un recuerdo similar, sin diferencias significativas, de eventos relevantes en distintas secuencias de tráfico, no siendo así ante los eventos irrelevantes, donde los expertos recordaron un mayor número de ellos. Ello contradice la aportación de McMorris (1999), quien sugiere que una percepción eficaz del entorno podría ayudar a los sujetos a tomar decisiones; o la de Chan et al (2010), quienes afirman que una ineficaz estrategia de búsqueda visual podría ser una de las causas que predisponen a los conductores inexpertos, junto a su falta de experiencia y capacidad de anticipar los posibles riesgos (Pradhan et al, 2009), a generar situaciones de riesgo o accidente (Cooper et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Todo ello podría convertirse en una de las causas que explicasen la mayor probabilidad que tienen los conductores inexpertos de estar implicados en situaciones de riesgo para la conducción (Chan, Pradhan, Pollatsek, Knodler, & Fisher, 2010;Cooper, Pinili, & Chen, 1995). Tejero et al (2004) realizaron una revisión de estudios sobre la exploración visual de conductores con distinta experiencia a partir del registro de los movimientos oculares, determinando que una de las variables que mejor discriminan a ambos colectivos de conductores es el tiempo de fijación visual, así como la mayor flexibilidad que poseen los conductores expertos en obtener información relevante para las situaciones cambiantes de conducción.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Estrategias de búsqueda visual en conductores expertos y noveles durante la visualización de escenas de tráfico

et al. 2013

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Resumen: El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las estrategias de búsqueda visual desarrolladas por un grupo de conductores expertos (n=5) y otro inexperto (n=5) en una situación simulada de conducción en laboratorio. El registro de los movimientos oculares se hace a través del sistema de seguimiento de la mirada ASL SE5000 y se analizan el número, tiempo y localización de las fijaciones visuales. Los conductores observaron una secuencia de fotogramas específicos de conducción, para emitir seguidamente una respuesta verbal tras cada ensayo. Los resultados muestran que el grupo de conductores expertos e inexpertos elaboran diferentes estrategias de búsqueda visual. Estas diferencias se encuentran en un mayor tiempo de fijación del grupo de conductores experto cuando no se tiene en cuenta la localización de la fijación visual. También presenta un mayor número y tiempo de fijación en estímulos relevantes para la conducción (señales verticales y vehículos) con respecto al grupo inexperto. En cambio, este último grupo presenta un número y tiempo de fijaciones superior en localizaciones poco relevantes para la conducción. No existen diferencias entre grupos de conductores en la precisión de sus respuestas verbales, y tampoco una relación entre las variables perceptivas y la precisión de sus respuestas. Palabras clave: Estrategias búsqueda visual; experiencia; conducción.Title: Visual search strategies in expert and novice drivers during the perception of driving scenes. Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the visual search strategies of expert (n=5) and inexperienced drivers (n=5) during a simulated task of driving in laboratory. The ocular movements are recorded with an ASL SE5000 eye tracking system; and the number, time and location of these fixations are analyzed too. The drivers observed a sequence of specific frames of driving, and then they had to respond with a verbal respond after each trial. The results show that the expert and inexperienced group develop different visual search strategies. These differences are the higher time of fixation, independently of location fixation; and even the higher number and time of fixation on relevant stimuli during the driving (vertical signs and vehicles) in the expert group against to other group. Instead, the inexperienced group shows higher number and time on irrelevant stimuli during the driving. There are no differences between groups of drivers on the accuracy of their verbal response, and neither there is any relation between perceptual variables and the accuracy of their responses. Key words: visual search strategies; experience; driving. IntroducciónEn el ámbito de la seguridad vial, han sido numerosos los temas de estudio que han tratado de averiguar qué variables influyen en el rendimiento de la tarea de conducción y en la prevención de accidentes de tráfico. Algunas de las variables analizadas han sido la fatiga, el sueño durante la conducción, la exploración de las diferencias individuales entre sexos o edades de los conductores, la evaluación...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estrategias de búsqueda visual en conductores expertos y noveles durante la visualización de escenas de tráfico

et al. 2013

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“…When the model was initially explored, variables associated with both factors were introduced, but the high correlation existing between them required that only one be included. The decision to choose the inexperience-related variable was based on the bibliography consulted, Clarke, Ward, Bartle, and Truman (2006), Gregersen and Bjurulf (1996) and Copper, Pinili & Chen (1995), which clearly shows the major influence of this age variable on accidents. The characteristics associated with individual behaviour are the main argument behind such results, as demonstrated by Boyce and Geller (2002).…”

Section: Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interurban DRAG-Spain model: The main factors of influence on road accidents in Spain

Izquierdo¹,

Ramírez²,

Rodríguez³

2013

Research in Transportation Economics

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This paper presents the results of applying DRAG methodology to the identification of the main factors of influence on the number of injury and fatal accidents occurring on Spain's interurban network. Nineteen independent variables have been included in the model grouped together under ten categories: exposure, infrastructure, weather, drivers, economic variables, vehicle stock, surveillance, speed and legislative measures. Highly interesting conclusions can be reached from the results on the basis of the different effects of a single variable on each of the accident types according to severity. The greatest influence revealed by the results is exposure, which together with inexperienced drivers, speed and an ageing vehicle stock, have a negative effect, while the increased surveillance on roads, the improvement in the technological features of vehicles and the proportion of high capacity networks have a positive effect, since the results obtained show a significant drop in accidents.

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“…Although experience has usually been recognized as a protective factor against the risk of being involved in a traffic crash (33,51), the strong correlation between age and experience makes it difficult to distinguish the independent effect of each factor. Our analyses, adjusted for the effect of age, support the existence of an age-independent effect of experience on the risk of causing a collision.…”

Section: Factors Indirectly Related With Collisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of main driver-dependent risk factors with the risk of causing a vehicle collision in Spain, 1990–1999

Lardelli-Claret

Luna

Jiménez-Moleón

et al. 2003

Annals of Epidemiology

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PURPOSE:To assess the strength of association of main driver-dependent risk factors with the risk of causing a collision between vehicles in Spain, from 1990 to 1999. METHODS:The data for this paired-by-collision, case-control study were obtained from the Spanish Dirección General de Tráfico traffic crash database. The study included all 220,284 collisions involving two or more vehicles with four or more wheels, in which only one of the drivers involved committed an infraction. Infractor drivers comprised the case group; noninfractor drivers involved in the same collision were their corresponding paired controls. RESULTS: All driver-dependent factors were associated with the risk of causing a collision. The highest adjusted odds ratio estimates were obtained for sleepiness (64.35; CI, inappropriate speed (28.33; CI,, and driving under the influence of alcohol with a positive breath test (22.32; CI,). An increase in the number of years in possession of a driving license showed a protective effect, albeit the strength of the effect decreased as age increased. CONCLUSIONS: Our results emphasize the urgent need to implement strategies aimed mainly at controlling speeding, sleepiness, and alcohol consumption before driving-the main driver-dependent risk factors for causing a vehicle collision.

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An examination of the crash involvement rates of novice drivers aged 16 to 55

Cited by 76 publications

References 4 publications

Estrategias de búsqueda visual en conductores expertos y noveles durante la visualización de escenas de tráfico

Estrategias de búsqueda visual en conductores expertos y noveles durante la visualización de escenas de tráfico

The interurban DRAG-Spain model: The main factors of influence on road accidents in Spain

Association of main driver-dependent risk factors with the risk of causing a vehicle collision in Spain, 1990–1999

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