An Examination of the Fiscal Impact from Youth Involvement in the Sex Trade: The Case for Evaluating Priorities in Prevention

Alcohol Use and Sexual Risks: Use of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Among Female Sex Workers in China

“…The relationship between alcohol use and early sexual experience was identified in studies from other low and middle income countries including Belarus, the Russian Federation, Kenya and South Africa (WHO, 2005). It has also been reported in studies conducted from high-income countries that drinking problems and alcohol exposure in early life were associated with involvement in commercial sex and many sex workers might have already developed an addiction to alcohol prior to their involvement in commercial sex (DeRiviere, 2005; Pedersen & Hegna, 2003; Silbert, Pines, & Lynch, 1982). Even though the cross-sectional nature of these studies precludes us from establishing a causal relationship between alcohol use and initiation of sex or the sex trade involvement, repeated confirmations of the association underscore the importance of alcohol risk reduction intervention targeting young women who are at risk of problem drinking and/or engaging in the sex trade.…”

Alcohol Use Among Female Sex Workers and Male Clients: An Integrative Review of Global Literature

“…One qualitative study at Zambia reported that street-based FSWs did not drink alcohol while working, whereas nightclub-based FSWs did (Agha and Nchima, 2004). Street- Alcohol-related mortality, among 111 deaths, 2 cases of acute intoxication, 8 cases of chronic alcoholic cirrhosis Surratt and Inciardi, 2004 drug-involved FSWs in Miami, Florida Street-based, traditional targeted sampling Ever alcohol use (96%), alcohol using daily in past month (36.1%) DeRiviere, 2005 FSWs in Winnipeg, Canada Street-based Addict to alcohol or drugs prior to involvement into sex trade (1/3), then majority switch from alcohol to more harmful substances Gare et al, 2005 FSWs in Papua New Guinea Venue-based 67% of raped FSWs were under the influence of alcohol, 27% were under the influence of alcohol and marijuana Inciardi et al, 2005 drug-involved FSWs in Miami, Florida Street-based, traditional targeted sampling strategies Ever using alcohol (97%), alcohol using daily in past month (78%) Wechsberg et al, 2005 FSWs based FSWs, usually working on their own, had less protection than venue-based FSWs (Harcourt and Donovan, 2005), and had to avoid drinking in order to maintain self-control (Agha and Nchima, 2004). In the Philippines, compared to establishment-based FSWs, street FSWs were more likely to accept intoxicated clients (Chiao et al, 2006), probably resulting from high competition and limited choices for clients (Wojcicki and Malala, 2001).…”

“…Transition into sex work. Studies from high-income countries reported that drinking problems and alcohol exposure in early life were associated with engaging in commercial sex (Silbert et al, 1982;DeRiviere, 2005;Pedersen and Hegna, 2003). Among school girls in Norway, selling sex was associated with alcohol problems and alcohol exposure at parental home (Pedersen and Hegna, 2003).…”

“…Among school girls in Norway, selling sex was associated with alcohol problems and alcohol exposure at parental home (Pedersen and Hegna, 2003). One-third of interviewed FSWs in Canada developed an addiction to alcohol or drugs prior to their involvement in the sex trade (DeRiviere, 2005). Juvenile and adult FSWs in San Francisco and ex-FSWs in Canada reported a history of excessive drinking among parents and siblings (Silbert et al, 1982;Bagley and Young, 1987).…”

Alcohol Consumption in Relation to Work Environment and Key Sociodemographic Characteristics Among Female Sex Workers in China

“…Existing studies on alcohol use among adolescents suggest that early alcohol consumption initiation predicts early sexual behavior, which in turn implies increased HIV vulnerability (Parish, Laumann, & Mojola, 2007;Rosenbaum & Kandel, 1990). Studies specifically conducted among FSWs have also documented an association between early alcohol exposure and engaging in commercial sex (DeRiviere, 2005;Pedersen & Hegna, 2003). Different alcohol drinking patterns and preferences have been identified across different age groups among general population in China and some minority ethnic groups tend to drink more alcohol than other (Cochrane, Chen, Conigrave, & Hao, 2003).…”