An Examination of the Relationship between Empowerment and Organizational Commitment

Abstract

A rapidly changing environment threatens the survival of many organizations. The global economypropelled by booming regional economies, new media and information technology, universal consumercultures, emerging global standards, and opportunities for corporate cost-sharing, has dramaticallychanged the environment in which organizations exist today (Ohema,1998,p.17). The survival of manyorganizations is threatened, in part, by reluctance to adapt to the changing environment. "Ecology evolutionarytheory suggests that uncertain, volatile environments will support diverse organizationalforms and that the apparent winners will fluctuate from time to time as conditions change" ( Hannan andFreeman, 1989, p.27).

Challenges Toward Practicing Lecturers’ Transformational Leadership at Public Universities in Afghanistan

“…Therefore, higher education institutions are social organizations due to the assertion of power, assigning and negotiating responsibilities, and formal and informal Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities ISSN (Online): 2583-1712 Volume-3 Issue-6 || November 2023 || PP. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.3.6.4…”