An Expanded <I>Metrosideros</I> (Myrtaceae) to Include <I>Carpolepis</I> and <I>Tepualia</I> Based on Nuclear Genes

Abstract

The genus Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) comprises 50-60 species found largely across the Pacific Islands. The relationships within this genus, including the circumscriptions of the subgenera Mearnsia and Metrosideros and their relationships with the other members of the tribe Metrosidereae (namely the New Caledonian endemic genus Carpolepis and the South American Tepualia), are poorly understood. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out using previously published ITS sequences, covering most species of the tribe, and new sequences of five single-copy nuclear genes with a reduced taxon sampling. The independent and combined analyses of the five nuclear genes using a range of approaches, including Bayesian single-gene, concatenated (MrBayes), concordance (BUCKy) and coalescent (*BEAST) analyses, yielded different topologies, indicating important conflicts among phylogenies based on individual genes. The deep relationships within the tribe Metrosidereae remain poorly resolved, but our results indicate that the species of Carpolepis and Tepualia are likely nested in the genus Metrosideros. A broad circumscription of the genus Metrosideros is therefore adopted, and the new combinations Metrosideros laurifolia var. demonstrans, Metrosideros tardiflora and Metrosideros vitiensis are here published.

Phylogeography of the highly dispersible landscape‐dominant woody species complex,Metrosideros, in Hawaii

“…vitiensis A. Gray; Pillon et al, ] were genotyped for the current analysis using the following methods. Three leaf buds were collected from each sampled tree, stored at 4°C for ≤2 days and then transferred to −80°C prior to DNA extraction.…”

“…Sampling was restricted to adults, defined by the presence of flowers or fruits or by overall size. Our analysis included genotype data from 404 individuals from Hawaii Island reported previously Pillon et al, 2015] were genotyped for the current analysis using the following methods. Three leaf buds were collected from each sampled tree, (Crawford, Hagen, Sahli, Stacy, & Glenn, 2008).…”

Oldest record of Metrosideros (Myrtaceae): Fossil flowers, fruits, and leaves from Australia

“…The most recent circumscription of the genus by Pillon et al (2015) has posited an expanded genus that includes the two other genera commonly recognized within the Metrosidereae, the monotypic South American Tepualia and the New Caledonian Carpolepis, which would make the genus even more widely spread. This research also challenges the monophyly of subgenus Mearnsia, as anticipated by Wilson (1996).…”

“…This research also challenges the monophyly of subgenus Mearnsia, as anticipated by Wilson (1996). Pillon et al (2015) acknowledge that the deep relationships within the tribe Metrosidereae remain poorly resolved, and it will require more research to establish these phylogenetic relationships. For the purposes of our study, we have continued to operate with the narrow circumscription of Metrosideros with two subgenera, based largely upon carpological and floral morphological characteristics, which is adequate for the purposes of this fossil identification (Dawson, 1984).…”

Estudo taxonômico das espécies de <em>Eugenia</em> L. (Myrtaceae) da Reserva Natural Vale - Linhares, ES

“…A tribo Myrteae (incluída em Myrtoideae) engloba quase todos os táxons da região neotropical pertencentes a Myrtaceae, exceto Metrosideros stipularis Hook.f., que pertence a Metrosidereae (Myrtoideae) (Vasconcelos et al 2017, Pillon et al 2015. Myrteae circunscreve aproximadamente 2500 espécies, número que a caracteriza como a tribo mais rica da família (Wilson et al 2005, Lucas et al 2007, Wilson et al 2011, Vasconcelos et al 2017.…”