An Experiment in Group Upbringing

Object Relations, Dependency, and Attachment: A Theoretical Review of the Infant-Mother Relationship

“…The mother may sometimes be a playmate, and the playmate may, if occasion demands it, fulfill te role of attachment object (cf. Freud & Dann 1951). Inanimate objects may come to have certain components of attachment behavior directed toward them because the natural object is unavailable.…”

The Construction of ‘Toddler’ in Early Childhood Pedagogy

“…Social competency in interaction and play has been seen as forming friendships (for example, Howes & Matheson, 1992) and as sympathetic sharing of emotions (Murphy, 1992). Last, but not least, peer identification and attachment were analyzed in the unique study of Freud & Dann (1951).…”

Psychodynamic Theories of the ‘Survivor Synrdome’

“…The clinical picture often strikingly resembled other cases of massive traumatization, such as in the Hong Kong prisoners of war (1,39), in survivors in Guadalcanal (41,53), in German prisoners of war in Russia (54). While personality change occurred in all ages, it was particularly profound when it took place in early childhood up until age 12 (4,56,57), with a special damaging effect to the superego (16). In an earlier statistical study (36) it was found that among the younger the anxiety symptoms prevailed more, and in the older age group the depression appeared to be dominant.…”

“…A reluctance in many severe cases to turn for help was pointed out by Sterba (56). The psychoanalytic literature contains few references to the analysis of such cases, and those which are reported (16,28) deal with the analyses of children or adolescents who underwent persecution in their early childhood. These cases, while important in themselves, offer little that is useful when considering adulthood trauma and the survivor syndrome.…”