An Experimental Analysis of Another Privacy

Okouchi, Hiroto

doi:10.1007/bf03395548

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is very similar to what happened in fact inOkouchi's (2006) experimental simulation of this framework, where, despite several complementary manipulations, some of the participants continuously relied only on the "public" stimulus throughout the experiment (see alsoSonoda & Okouchi, 2012).11 For a description of how similar problems were also inherited by Theory of Mind and Simulation theories, seeLeudar and Costall (2009).…”

supporting

confidence: 60%

Edith Steins’s Philosophy: Implications for a Direct Functional Model of Empathy

Flores¹,

Rogoski²

2023

perspectivas

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We define empathy, broadly, as understanding another person’s experience. We begin by describing Edith Stein’s phenomenological analysis of empathy. We argue for the continuing relevance of her critique of theories of empathy that presuppose the need for inferences from the “internal” to the “external” and show how mainstream psychological descriptionsof empathy based on such assumptions have led to conceptual confusion and, ultimately, to deviance from the phenomenon of interest. We tease out the implicit account of empathy in Skinner’s hypotheses about how we learn to describe private events. We argue that this account is characterized by a lingering inner-outer dualism that leads to incoherence when taken to its ultimate consequences. We propose an alternative conceptualization of empathy, the Direct Functional Model, with three principles: (1) primary givenness of experience, (2) priority of the whole, and (3) interaction. We argue that the model avoids the pitfalls of internal-external dualism and offers an account consistent with the philosophy of Radical Behaviorism.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 60%

Edith Steins’s Philosophy: Implications for a Direct Functional Model of Empathy

Flores¹,

Rogoski²

2023

perspectivas

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sonoda and Okouchi (2012) have recently explored an experimental method for the analysis of such contingencies. In an earlier study, Okouchi (2006) distinguished between two definitions of private events for the purposes of an experimental analysis. Unconditional inaccessibility is a context in which an event is private with respect to a single observer, while conditional inaccessibility is a context in which an event is observable to a single observer and one other observer, but not by others.…”

Section: Contingency Horizon: Nonhuman and Human Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contingency Horizon: on Private Events and the Analysis of Behavior

Leigland

2014

BEHAV ANALYST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Skinner's radical behaviorism incorporates private events as biologically based phenomena that may play a functional role with respect to other (overt) behavioral phenomena. Skinner proposed four types of contingencies, here collectively termed the contingency horizon, which enable certain functional relations between private events and verbal behavior. The adequacy and necessity of this position has met renewed challenges from Rachlin's teleological behaviorism and Baum's molar behaviorism, both of which argue that all "mental" phenomena and terminology may be explained by overt behavior and environment-behavior contingencies extended in time. A number of lines of evidence are presented in making a case for the functional characteristics of private events, including published research from behavior analysis and general experimental psychology, as well as verbal behavior from a participant in the debate. An integrated perspective is offered that involves a multiscaled analysis of interacting public behaviors and private events.

show abstract

“…It is undeniable that there are technical complications inherent in attempting to conduct FBAs with direct observations in the absence of observable environmental antecedent and consequent events, and to some extent this dilemma has impeded experimental analyses of aberrant behavior (see Okouchi, 2006, for a discussion of an experimental analysis of private events). However, this challenge should not interfere with continued attempts to develop more sophisticated strategies for identifying the contexts in which students are likely to exhibit their problems.…”

Section: Self-initiated Maladaptive Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Assessment of Self-Initiated Maladaptive Behaviors: A Case Study

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study sought to perform a Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) and develop a data-based behavior intervention plan (BIP) in order to address a student's maladaptive behaviors as exhibited in the regular education classroom setting. Of particular interest in this study was the finding that the FBA failed consistently to identify many of the environmental variables that interacted with the student's likelihood of demonstrating a wide range of severe problem behaviors. Nevertheless, interventions based on social skills and self-control strategies were sufficient to reduce the frequency of most problem behaviors and concurrently improve the student's level of academic performance. During a reversal-of-treatment, the student showed elevated levels of problem behavior; however, with the reinstatement of the treatment protocol, the student's behavior improved substantially. The role of private events and rule-governed behavior is discussed within the context of conducting FBAs and developing data-based treatment protocols. KEYWORDS: maladaptive behaviors, functional behavior assessment, self-initiated behavior, behavior intervention plan, self-control, social skills training A Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) is a systematic strategy for observing and recording variables that may interact with and maintain maladaptive behaviors. The majority of research on the efficacy of functional behavior assessment (FBA) has been conducted in an attempt to identify the variables interacting with maladaptive behavior in disabled populations (Ervin et al., 2001). Literature reviews show relatively fewer attempts to conduct FBAs in regular education settings (Nelson, Roberts, Bullis, Albers, & Ohland, 1999), and there have been particular concerns about the feasibility of using these procedures in regular education settings (Hanley, Iwata, & McCord, 2003).Nevertheless, regular education settings are now being required to implement the FBAs and data-based treatments (Quinn et al., 2001). Moreover, as a result of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Amendment of 1997, and forwarded by the most recent reauthorization in 2004, schools are required to conduct a functional 1

show abstract

An Experimental Analysis of Another Privacy

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Edith Steins’s Philosophy: Implications for a Direct Functional Model of Empathy

Edith Steins’s Philosophy: Implications for a Direct Functional Model of Empathy

Contingency Horizon: on Private Events and the Analysis of Behavior

Functional Assessment of Self-Initiated Maladaptive Behaviors: A Case Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About