An experimental and numerical study of thermal and chemical structure of downward flame spread over PMMA surface in still air

Коробейничев, О. П.; Karpov, A.I.; Bolkisev, A.A.; Shaklein, Artem; Gonchikzhapov, Munko; Paletsky, A. A.; Tereshchenko, A. G.; Шмаков, А. Г.; Gerasimov, I.E.; Kumar, Amit

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.005

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The simulation results and the experimental data show that ROS depended inversely on the slab thickness ( Figure 7 a), similarly to nonreinforced polymers [ 2 , 19 , 29 ]. With the increase in thickness of sample, a greater amount of energy was consumed by inert heating and thermal degradation of solid fuel, which resulted in the decrease in the ROS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The developed mathematical model involved coupled heat and mass transfer between gas-phase combustion in flame and solid fuel pyrolysis, which provided a proper description of self-sustained flame propagation. Governing equations for the gas-phase were of a generally accepted statement, as follows [ 19 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]:

…”

Section: Numerical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The boundary conditions for the set of Equations (1)–(6) and (10) were of a general type [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Numerical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To predict the behavior of flame spread over polymer surfaces, a number of numerical models were developed and tested for comparison with the experimental data. The up-to-date level of mathematical formulation [ 2 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] is based on the following approaches: coupled heat and mass transfer between flame and solid fuel, finite rates of chemical reactions for gas-phase combustion and solid fuel pyrolysis and consideration of gas and surface radiation. However, the developed coupled models are applied, as a rule, to simple homogeneous systems, such as flame spread over PMMA, with a simple mechanism of chemical decomposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Downward Flame Spread over Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

et al. 2022

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For the first time, a comprehensive study of downward flame spread over glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (GFRER) slabs in oxidizer flow has been carried out experimentally and numerically. Microthermocouples were used to measure the temperature profiles on the solid fuel’s surface and in the flame, and a video camera was used to measure the rate of flame spread (ROS). The ROS was found to be linearly dependent on the oxygen concentration, to be inversely proportional to the slab thickness and not to depend on the direction of the flame spread over the slab. The absence of the influence of the forced oxidizing flow velocity and the weak influence of the GFRER pyrolysis kinetics on the ROS were observed. For the first time, a numerical model of flame spread over reinforced material with thermal conductivity anisotropy was developed on the basis of a coupled ‘gas–solid’ heat and mass transfer model, using modifications of the OpenFOAM open-source code. The sensitivity analysis of the model showed that the thermal conductivity in the normal direction to the GFRER surface had a much greater effect on the ROS than the thermal conductivity along the direction of flame propagation. The numerical results show good agreement with the experimental data on the dependences of the ROS on oxygen concentration, slab thickness and the N2/O2 mixture flow velocity, as well as temperature distributions on the fuel surface, the maximum flame temperatures and the flame zone length.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

…”

Section: Numerical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The boundary conditions for the set of Equations (1)–(6) and (10) were of a general type [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Numerical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Downward Flame Spread over Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

et al. 2022

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“…Here, we consider a downward flame propagation scenario and validate the modeling approach against the experimental data obtained in this study for a burning polyurethane slab. The literature review indicates that previous experience of modeling flame spread was restricted by the assumption of a two-dimensional flame and flow in the gas phase (e.g., [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]), and examples of three-dimensional simulations are still rare [ 10 ]. Although a consideration of the three-dimensional problem setup is essential for subsequent practical applications, the feasibility of this computational approach has not been sufficiently explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Coupled Three-Dimensional Simulation of Downward Flame Spread over Combustible Material

Snegirev

Kuznetsov²,

Korobeinichev

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Three-dimensional simulations of laminar flame propagating downwards the vertical surface of a rigid polyurethane slab heated by a radiative panel are presented and compared with the measurement data. The gas-phase model (ANSYS Fluent) allows for finite-rate volatile oxidation, soot formation and oxidation, emission, transfer, and absorption of thermal radiation. The solid-phase model Pyropolis considers heat transfer across the material layer and generation of combustible volatiles in thermal decomposition of the material. Kinetic model of material decomposition is derived to obey the microscale combustion calorimetry data for different heating rates. Transient behavior of propagating flame and pyrolysis zone, as well as spatial distributions of heat flux components, temperature, and mass burning rates over the specimen surface are examined. Variation of the thermal properties of the material during its thermal decomposition, as well as the specimen surface emissivity and reradiation are shown to be the important issues strongly affecting model predictions. Two distinct modes of counterflow flame spread, thermal and kinetic, are identified. In the thermal mode corresponding to fast chemistry in the gaseous flame, the flame propagation velocity is governed by the heating rate of the combustible material ahead of the flame front. Alternatively, in the kinetic mode, it is limited by the burning velocity of the volatile-air mixture forming ahead of the flame front. Simulation results are favorably compared with the measured propagation velocity.

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Experimental and simulation study on the combustion fire spreading characteristics of aluminum composite panels with different thicknesses

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2022

Fire and Materials

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To study the effect of thickness on the fire spreading characteristics of aluminum composite panels, a reduced‐scale test bench was built to simulate the development of an overflow fire in a high‐rise building. Analysis of the fire spreading characteristics was performed in terms of the flame shape, flame height, fire spread rate, and temperature change. Then, an Fire Dynamics Simulatior model was established to verify the accuracy of the experiment using numerical simulations. The results showed that the flame shape of the 3 and 4 mm aluminum composite panels was a triangular cone, while the flame shape of the 5 and 6 mm aluminum composite panels was approximately rectangular. By establishing the dimensionless flame height, the flame height increased with the panel thickness. The fire spread rate of the aluminum composite panels increased first and then decreased upon increasing the thickness, which was consistent with the simulation results. The temperature change curves all showed a rapid initial increase and then a stable temperature in the later period. The simulation results conformed well to the experimental results.

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An experimental and numerical study of thermal and chemical structure of downward flame spread over PMMA surface in still air

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental and Numerical Study of Downward Flame Spread over Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

Experimental and Numerical Study of Downward Flame Spread over Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

Fully Coupled Three-Dimensional Simulation of Downward Flame Spread over Combustible Material

Experimental and simulation study on the combustion fire spreading characteristics of aluminum composite panels with different thicknesses

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