An experimental approach to low cost, high-performance surfactant flooding.

Obuebite, Amalate Ann; Onyekonwu, Mike; Akaranta, Onyewuchi; Ubani, Chikwendu Ebenezer; Uzoho, C. U.

doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00361

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A similar procedure was performed using TA-3 in both brines using the same salinity range under laboratory and reservoir temperature of 80 ˚C, and this also produced type I microemulsion. This result affirms the reports of [28,35] which suggest that surfactant flooding alone is incapable of attaining an ultra-low interfacial tension due to its low salinity, noting that formation of microemulsion is largely dependent on brine salinity and IFT [2], thus, the need to readjust the composition of the injection brine [1] or the addition of alkali chemicals [14]. The addition of alkalis and/ or cosurfactants to improve the salinity of the system is required, as the synergistic effect of both alkaline and surfactant chemicals will produce an ultra-low interfacial tension [35].…”

Section: Phase Behaviour Testsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The results obtained indicate that viscosity and pH are functions of concentration, as evident in a corresponding increase in viscosity and pH as the surfactant concentration increases. The pH values obtained are in line with values of commonly used synthetic surfactant, e.g., SDS [36], natural CNSL [13], and certain natural surfactants [28].…”

Section: Physio-chemical Properties Of Surfactantssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The result of an experimental work conducted by Khayati et al [23] using natural surfactant (saponin) showed that 5 g/L saponin reduced the interfacial tension and attained an additional oil recovery of 6-8% OOIP. Several researchers [25,26,28,30,40], reported the efficiency of some biomass based (agro-waste) chemicals as natural surfactant additives in displacing residual oil and increasing oil recovery between 19 and 23% OOIP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of modified cashew nutshell liquid as natural surfactants for chemical flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs

2022

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Bio-based oilfield chemicals are gaining attention due to their availability, cost-effectiveness, and non-toxic nature. Surfactants facilitate recovery of residual oil by reducing the interfacial tension between two immiscible fluids. Cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) extracted from Anacardium occidentale waste shells was modified using triethanolamine and evaluated as a natural alternative to traditional surfactants. Phase behavior analysis, interfacial tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC) measurements, and core flooding analysis were performed to ascertain the compatibility and recoverability of the cashew nutshell liquid derivatives on sandstone reservoirs. Interfacial tension was reduced from 10.46 to 1.66 mN/m at CMC of 1 g/L. Additional recovery factor and displacement efficiency of 12% OOIP and 32.5%, respectively, was achieved at laboratory temperature. The effect of temperature on residual oil recovery was determined by subjecting the oil displacement experiment to reservoir temperature of 80˚C, resulting in recovery factor and displacement efficiency of 9% OOIP and 25%, respectively.

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Section: Phase Behaviour Testsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Physio-chemical Properties Of Surfactantssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of modified cashew nutshell liquid as natural surfactants for chemical flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs

2022

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“…This implies that the level of corrosiveness of the oil is minimal as such does not pose a corrosion risk, as crude oils with total acid number above 0.5 mg KOH/g are considered high as suggested by [8] and may result in severe corrosion damage to production facilities. Furthermore, the acid content present in the oil sample will react with the alkali chemical (EDTA/NaOH) to produce an insitu surfactant via the saponification process, this will reduce the viscosity of the crude and improve the oil/water solubilization process [9].…”

Section: Results Of Crude Oil Tanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous imbibition and core flooding analysis of pH adjusted alkali and surfactant system in high salinity sandstone reservoir

Obuebite¹,

Yousuo²,

Okwonna³

2023

World J. Adv. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Some of the limitations of a cost-effective alkaline surfactant flooding method include chemical precipitation and other formation damage issue which has greatly affected the application of chemical flooding especially in high salinity reservoirs. This study ascertains the chelating attributes of Ethylene-diamine-tetracetic Acid-(EDTA/NaOH), investigates the ability of EDTA/NaOH and an anionic surfactant to improve oil recovery in heavy oil sandstone formation. Petrophysical analysis of the crude oil and core samples were performed. Hard brine at 5.1% optimal salinity and 0.2 wt.% surfactant imbibition were performed on the sandstone core plug for over 240 hrs. and the volume of oil recovered was determined using Amott imbibition cells. Sandstone core flooding test was thereafter conducted using the alkaline -surfactant solution at optimal salinity. Spontaneous imbibition results showed that surfactant imbibition (26.6%) produced a higher recovery than hard brine recovery (18.7%) after 240hrs. Sandstone core flooding results showed increased heavy oil recovery of 37% OOIP with alkaline-surfactant solution and additional 8% recovery was achieved by performing a final chase brine flooding, totaling 45% indicating that traces of alkaline-surfactant, in the core, aided the final imbibition process. This study underpins and complements several research solutions concerned with flooding in harsh oilfield terrains, thus making the overall process cost-effective and less time- consuming.

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“…Surfactant flooding alters wettability from oil-wet to water-wet (rock/fluid interaction) and reduces crude oil-formation water interfacial tension (fluid/fluid interaction) [113][114][115][116]. A major drawback in surfactant flooding is adsorption of surfactant on rock surfaces especially at low flow rate [114].…”

Section: Miscible Gas Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Oil Recovery Practices: Global Trend, Nigeria’s Present Status, Prospects and Challenges

Alawode

Falode

2021

CJAST

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Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques are considered due to unimpressive oil recovery, limited oil reserves, and non-applicability of primary recovery methods in some (heavy oil) fields. In Nigeria, preparation is in gear towards implementing EOR projects. This paper therefore reviews the global trend of EOR practices and discusses Nigeria’s present status, prospects, and challenges. Most EOR projects are employed in sandstone (high permeability) reservoirs; hence based on lithological considerations, all EOR methods are feasible in Nigeria. However, miscible hydrocarbon gas injection is found to be a very good EOR choice because it would drastically reduce the uneconomical practice of gas flaring; besides, transportation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and flue gas is virtually non-existent in Nigeria. Chemical (especially surfactant) flooding is costly; hence it would be feasible in Nigeria if oil price is high. At present, cost implications of heat treatment facilities may be an impedance to implementing thermal EOR for heavy oil in Nigeria. Though microbial EOR is the cheapest, it is not favorable in high temperature (above 85 oC), high salinity (above 100,000 ppm) and deeper (beyond 3,500m) reservoirs. For EOR practices to thrive in Nigeria, there should be an extensive economic evaluation and forecasting, effective research and development, effective training of technical staff for proper operation, surveillance and maintenance of EOR projects, implementation of health, safety and environmental (HSE) guidelines, low inflation rates, low interest rates on loans, general price stability, favorable tax policy, low import duties on machineries and equipment used for EOR, modified private market decisions and encouraging legal and regulatory framework.

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An experimental approach to low cost, high-performance surfactant flooding.

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Evaluation of modified cashew nutshell liquid as natural surfactants for chemical flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs

Evaluation of modified cashew nutshell liquid as natural surfactants for chemical flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs

Spontaneous imbibition and core flooding analysis of pH adjusted alkali and surfactant system in high salinity sandstone reservoir

Enhanced Oil Recovery Practices: Global Trend, Nigeria’s Present Status, Prospects and Challenges

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