An experimental evaluation of auricular diagnosis: The somatotopic mapping of musculoskeletal pain at ear acupuncture points

Oleson, Terry; Kroening, Richard; Bresler, David E.

doi:10.1016/0304-3959(88)90009-7

Cited by 162 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Neither the Ryodoraku nor the Voll machines have been validated with a controlled study. In fact, although measurement of ear resistance has been claimed to correlate 72.5% of the time with Western diagnosis [37], a carefully controlled study by Melzack and Katz [38] found no consistent difference in conductance between acupoints and nearby non-acupoints in patients with chronic pain.…”

Section: Skin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Meridians: A Modern Basis of Understanding

Longhurst

2010

Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies

144

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Acupuncture, one of the primary methods of treatment in traditional Oriental medicine, is based on a system of meridians. Along the meridians lie acupuncture points or acupoints, which are stimulated by needling, pressure or heat to resolve a clinical problem. A number of methods have been used to identify meridians and to explain them anatomically. Thus, tendinomuscular structures, primo-vessels (Bonghan ducts), regions of increased temperature and low skin resistance have been suggested to represent meridians or as methods to identify them. However, none of these methods have met the criteria for a meridian, an entity that, when stimulated by acupuncture can result in clinical improvement. More recently, modern physiologists have put forward the "neural hypothesis" stating that the clinical influence of acupuncture is transmitted primar ily through stimulation of sensory nerves that provide signals to the brain, which processes this information and then causes clinical changes associated with treatment. Although additional research is warranted to investigate the role of some of the structures identified, it seems clear that the peripheral and central nervous system can now be considered to be the most rational basis for defining meridians. The meridian maps and associated acupoints located along them are best viewed as road maps that can guide practitioners towards applying acupuncture to achieve optimal clinical results.

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Section: Skin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Meridians: A Modern Basis of Understanding

Longhurst

2010

Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies

144

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“…The reason for this is most likely the immediate vicinity of the ramus auricularis to the well-known ear acupuncture point "shen-men", which is also known as "heavenly gate" [26]. Traditional Chinese medicine in particular, has substantial data indicating that acupuncture of the "shenmen" point is associated with an improvement of complaints in case of anxiety, stress, depression, insomnia, pain, as well as addiction and detoxifi cation [27,28]. Therefore, it would have been interesting to include a third group, without any acupuncture, as a control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auricular vagal nerve stimulation in peripheral arterial disease patients

Hackl

Prenner

Jud

et al. 2017

Vasa

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Summary:Background: Auricular nerve stimulation has been proven effective in different diseases. We investigated if a conservative therapeutic alternative for claudication in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD) via electroacupuncture of the outer ear can be established. Patients and methods: In this prospective, double-blinded trial an ear acupuncture using an electroacupuncture device was carried out in 40 PAD patients in Fontaine stage IIb. Twenty patients were randomized to the verum group using a fully functional electroacupuncture device, the other 20 patients received a sham device (control group). Per patient, eight cycles (1 cycle = 1 week) of electroacupuncture were performed. The primary endpoint was defi ned as a signifi cantly more frequent doubling of the absolute walking distance after eight cycles in the verum group compared to controls in a standardized treadmill testing. Secondary endpoints were a signifi cant improvement of the total score of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ) as well as improvements in health related quality of life using the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Results: There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The initial walking distance signifi cantly increased in both groups (verum group . SF-36 showed signifi cantly improvements in six out of eight categories in the verum group and only in one of eight in controls. Conclusions: Electroacupuncture of the outer ear seems to be an easy-to-use therapeutic option in an age of increasingly invasive and mechanically complex treatments for PAD patients.

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“…The needle was placed either (A) in the vagus area, or (B) in the upper ear near the helix, as shown in Figure 1. This has been defined as the most appropriate place for a control ACUPUNCTURE IN MEDICINE DECEMBER 1999 VOL 17 (2) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Auricular Acupuncture on the Pulse Rate: An Exploratory Randomised Controlled Trial

White

Ernst

1999

Acupunct Med

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SummaryAdvocates of auricular acupuncture believe that the internal organs are represented in the concha of the ear and can be affected by needling the appropriate area. These two areas of the body have a common innervation from the vagus nerve. The aim of this randomised, single-blind study was to determine whether stimulation of the ear produced changes in the pulse rate, an indicator of vagal tone. Doctor volunteers were needled in either the vagus area or a control area of the ear, and pulse rate changes were measured over the following 30 minutes. No significant differences were found in the pulse rate changes of the two groups. This study, which was limited in size and in other respects, found no evidence to support the concept that the body is represented on the ear.

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An experimental evaluation of auricular diagnosis: The somatotopic mapping of musculoskeletal pain at ear acupuncture points

Cited by 162 publications

References 20 publications

Defining Meridians: A Modern Basis of Understanding

Defining Meridians: A Modern Basis of Understanding

Auricular vagal nerve stimulation in peripheral arterial disease patients

The Effect of Auricular Acupuncture on the Pulse Rate: An Exploratory Randomised Controlled Trial

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