An experimental investigation of hot spots in railway disc brakes

Panier, S.; Dufrenoy, Philippe; Weichert, Dieter

doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(03)00459-9

Cited by 169 publications

(117 citation statements)

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“…• C and subsequently cooled rapidly, material can transform its phase to martensite [75,76,77]. Martensite has a different CoF with the pad material than pearlite [77].…”

Section: Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So the deformations can appear in different forms in different discs. Some of the most commonly observed thermal deformations are coning and buckling as shown in figure 25 [77,85,9,86,76]. Generally, disc coning occurs due to the different thermal expansions of the outboard and inboard cheeks as the outboard cheek is integrally connected to the mounting bell which represents a constraint for its expansion as shown in figure 26 [8].…”

Section: Outboard Cheekmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of disc brakes and related phenomena - a review

Rashid

2014

IJVNV

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Disc brakes have evolved over time to be a reliable method of decelerating and stopping a vehicle. There have been different designs of disc brake systems for different applications. This review gives a detailed description of different geometries of the components and the materials used in a disc brake system. In spite of all the improvements, there are still many operational issues related to disc brakes that need to be understood in a greater detail and resolved. There has been a lot of research going on about these issues and at the same time different methods are being proposed to eliminate or reduce them. There has also been an intensive fundamental research going on about the evolution of tribological interface of disc-pad system. One major purpose of the present paper is to give a comprehensive overview of all such developments.

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“…• C and subsequently cooled rapidly, material can transform its phase to martensite [75,76,77]. Martensite has a different CoF with the pad material than pearlite [77].…”

Section: Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outboard Cheekmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of disc brakes and related phenomena - a review

Rashid

2014

IJVNV

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“…Due to different geometries of discs, each disc has different geometrical constraints to the thermal expansion and so the deformations can appear in different forms in different discs. Some of the most commonly observed thermal deformations are coning and buckling [7,8,9,10,11]. Such geometrical deviations could be avoided or reduced if the thermal loading and disc geometry are symmetric about the midplane of the disc [12,13], and the friction ring is decoupled from the mounting bell so that it has relatively more freedom to expand in the radial direction [14].…”

Section: Disc Brakes 3 31 Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Modeling of Contact Problems

Rashid¹

2016

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Contact is the principal way load is transferred to a body. The study of stresses and deformations arising due to contact interaction of solid bodies is thus of paramount importance in many engineering applications. In this work, problems involving contact interactions are investigated using finite element modeling. In the first part, a new augmented Lagrangian multiplier method is implemented for the finite element solution of contact problems. In this method, a stabilizing term is added to avoid the instability associated with overconstraining the non-penetration condition. Numerical examples are presented to show the influence of stabilization term. Furthermore, dependence of error on different parameters is investigated. In the second part, a disc brake is investigated by modeling the disc in an Eulerian framework which requires significantly lower computational time than the more common Lagrangian framework. Thermal stresses in the brake disc are simulated for a single braking operation as well as for repeated braking. The results predict the presence of residual tensile stresses in the circumferential direction which may cause initiation of radial cracks on the disc surface after a few braking cycles. It is also shown that convex bending of the pad is the major cause of the contact pressure concentration in middle of the pad which results in the appearance of a hot band on the disc surface. A multi-objective optimization study is also performed, where the mass of the back plate, the brake energy and the maximum temperature generated on the disc surface during hard braking are optimized. The results indicate that a brake pad with lowest possible stiffness will result in an optimized solution with regards to all three objectives. Finally, an overview of disc brakes and related phenomena is presented in a literature review. In the third part, a lower limb donned in a prosthetic socket is investigated. The contact problem is solved between the socket and the limb while taking friction into consideration to determine the contact pressure and resultant internal stress-strain in the soft tissues. Internal mechanical conditions and interface stresses for three different socket designs are compared. Skin, fat, fascia, muscles, large blood vessels and bones are represented separately, which is novel in this work

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“…Some conclusions are well established. It is a matter of facts that high energy rates are dissipated by friction during short periods, thus transient and localized thermal phenomena with high thermal gradients such as hot bands and hot spots are to be expected, (Anderson & Knapp, 1990;Panier et al, 2004); it is also clear that when surfaces slide over one another, the static contacts can change in time due to tangential load effects on junction growth, thermal expansion, wear, chemical oxidation or a variety of other physical phenomena (Vick et al, 1998), but also due to the actual complexity of the real area of contact between sliding surfaces (Vick & Furey, 2001). Many thermal problems associated with brake friction pairs, including performance variation (fade, speed sensitivity) and rotor damage (heat spotting and thermal cracking) can be analysed in terms of localized frictional heat generation (Day et al, 1991).…”

Section: Sliding Contact Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%