An experimental investigation of the determinants and consequences of self‐handicapping strategies across motivational climates

Gernigon

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

2011

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the mediational role of self-confidence and anxiety in the relationship between self-esteem and claimed self-handicapping in an achievement context. After hearing and reading about specific conditions of performing that were intended to favor invoking excuses for future poor performance, 68 competitive basketball players completed measures of self-esteem, anxiety (cognitive and somatic), self-confidence, and claimed self-handicapping. Then, they warmed-up and carried out a basketball task. Self-esteem negatively predicted cognitive anxiety and positively predicted self-confidence. In turn, selfconfidence negatively predicted claimed self-handicapping and mediated the relationship between self-esteem and claimed self-handicapping. Cognitive and somatic anxieties did not mediate the relationship between self-esteem and claimed self-handicapping. Together, these results suggest that individuals with low self-esteem use more claimed self-handicaps because they have lower self-confidence. These findings shed light on the psychological processes that lead people with low self-esteem to use strategies of claimed self-handicaps.

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“…Note that the data from 56 participants represent a secondary analysis of data previously published (Coudevylle, Martin Ginis, Famose, & Gernigon, 2009).…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-esteem, self-confidence, anxiety and claimed self-handicapping: A mediational analysis

Gernigon

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

2011

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“…Note that the data from 56 15 participants represent a secondary analysis of data currently under review (Coudevylle,Martin 16 Ginis, Gernigon, & Famose, 2008). questionnaire consists of 7-items measuring cognitive anxiety and 7-items measuring somatic 22…”

Section: Participants 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Self-Handicapping Strategies on Anxiety before Athletic Performance

Famose

et al. 2008

The Sport Psychologist

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The purpose of the present experiment was to examine whether the use of selfhandicapping strategies influences participants’ anxiety levels before athletic performance. Seventy-one competitive basketball players participated in the study. A repeated measures design was used, such that state cognitive and somatic anxiety intensity and direction were measured before and after participants were given the opportunity to self-handicap. Overall, participants reported their cognitive anxiety to be more facilitating after they had the opportunity to self-handicap. Thus, participants who were given the opportunity to self-handicap (i.e., use claimed and behavioral self-handicaps), reported greater increases in perceptions of cognitive anxiety as facilitating their performance. This study shows the importance of looking at anxiety direction, and not just anxiety intensity, when examining self-handicapping’s effects on anxiety. Implications for sport psychologists are proposed.

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Les stratégies d’auto-handicap : fondements théoriques, déterminants et caractéristiques

Gernigon

et al. 2015

Psychologie Française