The food sector is a major consumer of energy and growing efforts are being made in the search for solutions that will guarantee the efficient and sustainable use of energy resources. Among the different sectors, wineries are attracting particular interest due to the continuous growth of the global market and production. Surveys conducted in the winemaking sector have highlighted the importance of performing accurate energy audits and have identified the installation of efficient refrigeration systems as a promising solution in a variety of cases. Unfortunately, the savings achievable by efficient cooling technologies are often estimated using simplified approaches which do not take into consideration the actual operating conditions of the equipment typically variable on seasonal and daily bases. In this paper a novel bottom-up procedure is presented, aimed at developing reliable profiles for refrigeration and airconditioning loads and at assessing the extent to which more efficient chilling units could contribute to reducing electricity consumption. The use of standard Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratios is critically discussed and a novel customized indicator is proposed. The method is applied to a medium-scale winery producing still red and white wines and sparkling wines, for which only aggregated energy consumption data are available. After deriving detailed load profiles, it is proven that the use of standard seasonal indicators leads to 56.85% and 83.87% overestimation of potential energy savings, respectively, for low and medium temperature cooling energy uses, confirming the importance of adopting seasonal indicators customized on the actual operating conditions of chillers. Keywords Energy saving, wineries, energy audit, cooling load, industrial chillers, seasonal energy efficiency ratio *Revised Manuscript with No Changes Marked Click here to download Revised Manuscript with No Changes Marked: Revised manuscript-clean file.docx strategies based on heat pumps in the food and drink industry. Despite the great research efforts, large margins for improvement of food processing plants still exist. 1.1 Sustainability issues and assessment in wineries Among the food industries, the winemaking sector has been attracting a growing interest due to the high energy intensity of wineries and the consequent concern about their impacts in terms of energy and freshwater consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and production of pollutant residues. In order to assess the sustainability of wine industries, a first step consists of identifying appropriate impact indicators and benchmarks. A study by Martins et al. [6] identified a set of indicators covering the environmental and economic levels of "sustainability". The study compared the sustainability of two Portuguese wines, and a lifecycle analysis allowed the identification of the "winemaking" phase as the most relevant for energy intensity, while the "bottling" phase resulted as the highest contributor to carbon emissions indicator. Gilinsky et al. [7] carried out a comp...