An experimental study of the washburn equation for liquid flow in very fine capillaries

Effect of interfacial viscosities upon displacement in capillaries with special application to tertiary oil recovery

“…The Washburn equation describes the displacement of a gas by a liquid, when the effecb of the interfacial viscosities can be neglected. Its validity has been tested experimentally for "clean" liquid-ga-, interfaces (Ligenza and Bernstein, 1951;Oliva and Joye, 1975;Fisher and Lark, 1979).…”

A similarity parameter for capillary flows

“…For example, liquids have been studied flowing in thin tubes [16], in surface grooves [17][18][19][20][21] and on microstrips [22]. All of these systems have been observed to follow Washburn-type dynamics, meaning the flow dynamics are functionally similar to equation (3) (i.e.…”

“…Fisher and Lark [16] collected data for fluids flowing in thin capillaries. They measured the value of x 2 * /t for different tube radii (see figure 1(b)).…”

Comparison of the Use of Washburn's Equation in the Distance–Time and Weight–Time Imbibition Techniques

“…Two experimental techniques based on capillary penetration are preponderantly utilized to study the geometric and thermodynamic characterization of porous media (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16): measurements of the distance penetrated by a liquid into its pores (high approach) (5, 7-12, 14, 16) and measurements of the increase of weight of the solid caused by the imbibition (weight approach) (4,6,(13)(14)(15)17). Washburn's equation (18) is the basic tool to analyze the results obtained from both kinds of experiments, since despite the fact that this equation neglects inertia effects and the liquid viscous drag due to dissipation near the contact line, some studies indicate the validity of this equation at macroscopic scale despite its possible weakness at porous level (19,20).…”