An Experimental Study of the Triboluminescence of Certain Natural Crystals and Synthetically Prepared Materials

Wick, Frances G.

doi:10.1364/josa.27.000275

Cited by 25 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the 17th century, only five papers were published on ML ; in the 18th century, 15 papers were published ; in the 19th century, 19 papers were published ; in the 20th century, ~ 372 papers were published …”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of the literature on mechanoluminescence from 1605 to 2013

2014

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Mechanoluminescence (ML) is a type of luminescence induced by any mechanical action on solids. The light emissions induced by elastic deformation, plastic deformation and fracture of solids are called elastico ML (EML), plastico ML (PML) and fracto ML (FML), respectively. Whereas nearly 50% of all organic molecular solids and inorganic salts exhibit FML, only a few solids exhibit EML and PML. The EML and FML of certain solids are so intense that they can be seen during daylight with the naked eye. Mechanolumnescence has a great potential for use in different types of mechano-optical devices such as stress sensors, damage sensors, impact sensors, fracture sensors and safety management monitoring systems. This article reports a survey of the literature from 1605 to 2013. Mechanoluminescence is studied by physicists, chemists, material scientists, geologists, medical scientists, engineers and technologists, among others and researchers will certainly benefit from the literature survey on ML given here. In addition, the field of mechanoluminescence may attract the interest of many new researchers.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of the literature on mechanoluminescence from 1605 to 2013

2014

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“…Fractoemission has been used to probe both fracture mechanisms and fracture surface chemistry [9]. Since an early paper by Wick et al [10], a growing interest has fostered in oxide glass fractoluminescence, and the first wavelengths spectra were obtained in the eighties [11].…”

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Fractoluminescence characterization of the energy dissipated during fast fracture of glass

Pallares¹,

Rountree²,

Douillard³

et al. 2012

EPL

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-Fractoluminescence experiments are performed on two kinds of silicate glasses. All the light spectra collected during dynamic fracture reveal a black body radiator behaviour, which is interpreted as a crack velocity-dependent temperature rise close to the crack tip. Crack velocities are estimated to be of the order of 1300 m.s −1 and fracture process zones are shown to extend over a few nanometers.Although glass is considered as the archetype of brittle elastic materials, it was shown in various situations that, during fracture, a large part of the stored elastic energy is dissipated in permanent deformation of the material. It was argued to be mostly dissipated in the formation of nanocracks in ultraslow stress corrosion cracking conditions [1,2]. In vacuum, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations [3] of dynamic fracture predict that energy dissipation results both from plastic deformation and from bond breaking ahead of the crack tip, the two phenomena acting at the scale of a few nanometers. The latter predictions are in agreement with experiments due to S. Wiederhorn [4], who performed accurate measurements of the energies of fracture in an inert environment for different glass compositions, and showed that they are approximately ten times higher than the typical surface energy values estimated by Griffith [5]. However, in order to understand fully the nature of the dissipation processes, it is highly desirable to measure the size of the Process Zone (PZ) where they take place for a given crack velocity. Direct measurements being hardly imaginable because of the small dimensions involved, and because crack velocities are larger than a few hundreds of meters per second, one has to resort to indirect characterizations. The scope of the present work is to show how fractoluminescence can be used for that purpose.During rapid fracture, the emission of neutral particules, ions, electrons and photons has indeed been observed in a wide variety of materials [6][7][8]. Fractoemission has been used to probe both fracture mechanisms and fracture surface chemistry [9]. Since an early paper by Wick et al. [10], a growing interest has fostered in oxide glass fractoluminescence, and the first wavelengths spectra were obtained in the eighties [11]. These spectra usually exhibit both an energy continuum and peaks corresponding to discrete energy values. Chapman and Walton [12] performed dynamic fracture experiments on different glasses, and showed that the continuum corresponds to a black body radiator spectrum. Using a model developped by Weichert and Schonert [13], they compared the numerical solutions obtained by these authors to their own observations in order to evaluate the size of the heated propagating zone ahead of the crack tip, and found it to be of the order of a few nanometers. More recently, Gonzalez and coworkers [14] showed that no photons were detected for crack velocities smaller than 10 −2 m.s −1 in soda-lime silica.The central point of this letter is to provide quantitative evidence for the above sce...

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“…Calcium fluoride is a possible exception, although even it has not been studied in any systematic fashion. The only positive statement found in available literature was that CaF2:Mn has a green cathodohiminescence (7). Therefore, a program was begun to determine whether fluorides other than zinc and magnesium could be effectively activated by manganese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Manganese-Activated Fluoride Phosphors

Smith

1954

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The following manganese-activated fluorides were found to exhibit efficient cathodoluminescence NaZnF3, KZnF~, K2ZnF4, NaMgF~, KMgF3, K2MgF4, CaF~, KCaF3, KCdF~, and the solid solutions formed between CaF2 and A1F3. With MgF~ and ZnF2, A1F~ was found to be only a diluent, with CaF2, however, three compounds, 2CaF~-AIF3, CaF2-A1F~, and CaF2.2A1F~, were discovered, the fi~st having a peak emission at 5380 A and the latter two at 5250 A Emission of Mg and Zn compounds contaimng K or Na was almost identical with that of the original MgF2 and ZnF2 Although CaF2:Mn has an efficient green and CdF2:Mn a weak green emission, their K-perovskltes show strong yellow-orange emission From the above zesults, a hypothesis is advanced relating a coordination number of six for the divalent cation in fluorides to orange emission, and a coordination number of eight to green emission.

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An Experimental Study of the Triboluminescence of Certain Natural Crystals and Synthetically Prepared Materials

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Survey of the literature on mechanoluminescence from 1605 to 2013

Survey of the literature on mechanoluminescence from 1605 to 2013

Fractoluminescence characterization of the energy dissipated during fast fracture of glass

New Manganese-Activated Fluoride Phosphors

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