An experimental study on accelerated fouling of aluminum oxide and ferric oxide particles in internally enhanced tubes

Abedin, Mohammad Zoynal; Kim, Nae-Hyun

doi:10.1007/s12206-016-1141-2

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Condenser fouling is usually referred to as the accumulation of the undesired solid deposits on the surface of the condenser. 1,2 Clearly, the fouling, i.e., the accumulation of solid deposits, reduces the thermal transfer and flux of the condenser. Moreover, it significantly increases the operational costs of the condenser.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it significantly increases the operational costs of the condenser. 1,2 For example, the costs resulting from additional fuel requirements and production losses associated with condenser fouling are estimated to be in the range of $0.4−2.2 million (USD 2009) for thermoelectric power plants. 3 In practice, condenser fouling is a complicated process, and the exact mechanism is dependent on the operation temperature, condensing material, condenser material, and structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 In practice, condenser fouling is a complicated process, and the exact mechanism is dependent on the operation temperature, condensing material, condenser material, and structure. 1,2,4 In terms of mechanisms, there are particulate fouling, precipitation fouling, chemical reaction fouling, corrosion fouling, and biological fouling. 1,2,5−7 Understanding the governing mechanisms is critically important to developing the mitigating plan in real-life applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Condenser fouling is usually referred to as the accumulation of the undesired solid deposits on the surface of the condenser. , Clearly, the fouling, i.e., the accumulation of solid deposits, reduces the thermal transfer and flux of the condenser. Moreover, it significantly increases the operational costs of the condenser. , For example, the costs resulting from additional fuel requirements and production losses associated with condenser fouling are estimated to be in the range of $0.4–2.2 million (USD 2009) for thermoelectric power plants .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncovering the Underlying Mechanisms of the Fouling in Maleic Anhydride Condensers

Wang

Lertola

Moran

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Maleic anhydride is an important raw material in many chemical reactions, and very often, condensation is required to reflux maleic anhydride back to the reactor. It has been shown that severe fouling occurs to the maleic anhydride condenser, which is a major challenge to the operation in chemical plants. Clearly, an efficient mitigation plan is highly dependent on the understanding of the underlying mechanisms. However, the mechanisms of the fouling in the maleic anhydride condenser remain unclear to date. Here we report our experimental efforts in (1) uncovering the governing mechanisms of the fouling in maleic anhydride condensers and (2) developing the strategy to combat the condenser fouling. Our in-situ interface characterization and 1H NMR results suggest that the condensed maleic anhydride, which is a liquid, is pinned on the condenser surface and thus reacts with the trace amounts of water to produce maleic acid, which is a solid. The maleic acid solid particles accumulate on the condenser surface and over a short period of time, i.e., days to weeks, will plug the condenser tubes. The key enabler of this process is that the maleic anhydride droplets are pinned on the tube surface and do not roll off the surface, which results from the high roughness of the condenser surface. We found that, after the surface roughness is reduced by machining, the maleic anhydride droplets roll off the tube surface much more easily, indicating this is a promising approach to reduce the condenser fouling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Uncovering the Underlying Mechanisms of the Fouling in Maleic Anhydride Condensers

Wang

Lertola

Moran

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The accumulation of rejected solutes on the membrane surface is known as the CP. Fouling is an accumulation of materials on the membrane surface and can be classified into the following categories: precipitation fouling, chemical reaction fouling, corrosion fouling, and biological fouling [75]. The CP and fouling are inevitable in RO systems, requiring the use of chemical cleaning agents, such as chlorine, and increasing the cost of water production.…”

Section: Romentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular dynamics simulation of graphene-based thin films for seawater desalination

Dahanayaka¹

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Since 71% of the earth's surface is covered by the sea, seawater desalination plays a pivotal role in addressing the water crisis. Membrane separation technologies, including reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, forward osmosis, pervaporation and membrane capacitive deionization, have been the recent focus for many research studies because of their simplicity and relatively low energy cost in comparison to the thermal driven distillation processes. Nanotechnology has opened a window for researching new nanomaterials which enhance desalination performance in an economical and sustainable manner. Experimental synthesis of nanomaterials with optimized desalination performance is a trial and error process, requiring considerable resources and time.Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is an efficient method in investigating the transport behaviours at the nanoscale and thus provides a powerful tool for the design and performance analysis of graphene (GE)-based thin films. This Ph.D. thesis research aims to investigate the seawater desalination performance in capacitive deionization, FO, electronanofiltration and PV systems by adopting four GE-based nanostructures, namely, corrugated GE layers, stacked GE sheets, ionized graphene oxide (GO) layers and GO/metal organic framework (MOF) nanocomposite, via MD simulation.The surface corrugation of GE can modify its electronic, optical, mechanical and chemical properties. The seawater desalination performance through the corrugated GE nanochannel via capacitive deionization process is studied. The simulation results reveal that the corrugation of GE sheets greatly enhances the ion adsorption capacity, while adversely affecting the water flow rate in a capacitive deionization system. The strong anchoring effect existing in the regions which are bounded by crests and troughs of the upper and lower GE layers, respectively is identified to be responsible for the enhanced Abstractxviii ion removal capacity. Moreover, desalination performance of such a system depends on the entrance configuration with its entrance effect becoming more significant at a higher electric field intensity.The stacked GE membrane performance greatly depends on the membrane structural parameters such as pore size (i.e., nanoslit width), pore offset, interlayer distance and number of GE layers. The complete rejection of ions is observed in the bilayer GE laminates, as a forward osmosis membrane, for the nanoslit widths less than 9 Å. The bilayer GE membrane can accomplish a complete ion rejection and maintain a higher water flux even at a nanoslit width larger than 9 Å, when an optimum interlayer distance of 8 Å and a completely misaligned pore configurations are adopted. Overall, the GE membranes in a forward osmosis system yield a low water flux but an enhanced ion retention capability in comparison to the GE membranes in a reverse osmosis system.Ionization of the functional groups such as the carboxylic acid of a GO sheet introduces a negative charge on the membrane surface and the desalination performance t...

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Iterative quality weighted interpolation for LPV‐MPC control of industrial heat exchanger under varying fouling conditions

Jayalalitha

2022

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Fouling is an inevitable phenomenon that tends to change the dynamics of the heat exchanger (HE). An accurate prediction model describing these varying HE dynamics is demanded to implement model predictive control (MPC), which has been addressed in this work. A novel iterative quality weighted interpolation (IQWI) technique is proposed to determine the prediction model from the linear parametric varying (LPV) model. It uses a set of linear state‐space (SS) models, which have been identified from the input–output data of the industrial HE under various fouling conditions. The quality of the identified models is assessed using a fuzzy inference system (FIS) based on fit percentage and data quality. IQWI technique uses incremental thresholds for the model quality to iteratively generate interpolation curves. Each interpolation curve is capable of estimating the model parameters, which are fused using the distance weighted method to determine the optimal model parameters. The proposed technique is capable of improving the model accuracy by 24.43%. The use of a fouling‐based prediction model equips the MPC with accurate knowledge of HE dynamics, which enables it to provide efficient control. Experimental analysis under five different fouling conditions and comparative analysis with the existing controller indicates the efficiency of the proposed method.

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An experimental study on accelerated fouling of aluminum oxide and ferric oxide particles in internally enhanced tubes

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Uncovering the Underlying Mechanisms of the Fouling in Maleic Anhydride Condensers

Uncovering the Underlying Mechanisms of the Fouling in Maleic Anhydride Condensers

Molecular dynamics simulation of graphene-based thin films for seawater desalination

Iterative quality weighted interpolation for LPV‐MPC control of industrial heat exchanger under varying fouling conditions

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