An experimental survey of the factors that affect leaching from low-level radioactive waste forms

Dougherty, D.R.; Pietrzak, R.F.; Fuhrmann, M.; Colombo, P.

doi:10.2172/6242019

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In previous investigations [1,2,3,4,5] a variety of factors, such as elevated temperature and increased teachant volume, were examined for their ability to accelerate leaching. Initially, they were studied individually, later the most useful factors were combined to obtain greater release rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Temperature on the Leaching Behavior of Cement Waste Forms - The Cement/Sodium Sulfate System

et al. 1989

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The leaching mechanisms of simulated low-level radioactive waste forms are being determined as support for development of an accelerated leach test. Two approaches are being used: (1) comparisons of leaching data with results of a model that describes diffusion from a finite cylinder, and (2) observation of the leaching process at temperatures between 20°C and 65°C. To provide results that can be used for modeling, leaching at elevated temperatures must change neither the leachins mechanism nor the structural controls of leaching such as the porosity. Releases of lj "Cs, Sr, calcium, sodium and potassium from Portland cement containing sodium sulfate. as a simulated evaporator sludge, have been determined under a variety of experimental conditions. Data from the leach tests were compared to model results for diffusion from the finite cylinder. While most leaching appears to be diffusion controlled, notable exceptions occur. For all samples activation energies ranging between 6 and 11 tCcal/mole have been calculated from the relationship of the effective diffusion coefficient to increasing temperature, close to the expected value of 5 Kcal/mole for diffusion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Temperature on the Leaching Behavior of Cement Waste Forms - The Cement/Sodium Sulfate System

et al. 1989

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“…Asphalt leachates that have contained detectable concentrations of contaminants have been obtained in studies of asphalted nuclear wastes (Amarantos and Petropoulos, 1981;Daugherty et al, 1988;Fuhrmann et al, 1989;Nikiforov et al, 1987). However, in all of these studies, high concentrations of salts, ranging up to 50% salt/50% asphalt, were used.…”

Section: Contaminant Leachability From Asphaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical aspects of cold‐mix asphalt incorporating contaminated soil

Testa¹

1995

Journal of Soil Contamination

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To cite this article: Stephen M. Testa (1995) Chemical aspects of cold-mix asphalt incorporating contaminated soil, Journal of Soil Contamination, 4:2,[191][192][193][194][195][196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207] To link to this article: http://dx. ABSTRACT:The chemical aspects associated with the incorporation of petroleum hydrocarbons-and metals-affected soil has been studied extensively with respect to pavement properties, leaching behavior, sensitivities to moisture damage, and function group analysis. These studies provide information that can be used to evaluate the stability of these constituents in soils that have been incorporated as an ingredient in asphalt. These studies also indicate that cold-mix asphalt incorporating contaminated soil will be highly stable and perform adequately as an end product. Maximum chemical performance is achieved when the asphalt is comprised of high contents of pyridinic, phenolic, and ketone groups, which can be achieved by selectively choosing the source material. If the situation requires special stability or redundancy, small amounts of shale oil and lime can be used as additives. Situations and conditions that favor the presence of inorganic sulfur, monovalent salts, and high-strength solutions in the asphalt should be avoided because these conditions decrease the chemical stability of the asphalt cement by disrupting the functional group-aggregate bonds and by increasing the overall permeability. However, these conditions are not typically expected in the anticipated uses of asphalt cement to stabilize contaminants in soil using Environmentally Processed Asphalt™ (EPA™)* or Asphaltic Metals Stabilization™ (AMS™)** remedial technologies.

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Resource Recovery

Testa¹

2014

Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils

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An experimental survey of the factors that affect leaching from low-level radioactive waste forms

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

The Effects of Temperature on the Leaching Behavior of Cement Waste Forms - The Cement/Sodium Sulfate System

The Effects of Temperature on the Leaching Behavior of Cement Waste Forms - The Cement/Sodium Sulfate System

Chemical aspects of cold‐mix asphalt incorporating contaminated soil

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