An Exploration of Hmong Women's Perspectives on Cancer

Baisch, Mary Jo; Vang, Pang; Peterman, Beth

doi:10.1016/s1976-1317(08)60032-8

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Few studies have been conducted with Hmong women (Tanjasiri et al 2001, Yang et al 2006, Tanjasiri et al 2007, Fang et al 2010) and, to our knowledge, only one study has included Hmong men on this topic (Tanjasiri et al 2007). Culture and traditional health beliefs are thought to influence Hmong women’s cancer screening behavior (Parker and Kiatoukaysy 1999, Her and Culhane-Pera 2004, Baisch et al 2008). The Hmong are traditionally patrilineal and patriarchal where men make the decisions to protect the well-being of the family, including health care and treatment decisions (Parker and Kiatoukaysy 1999, Baisch et al 2008); thus, men can potentially influence Hmong women’s cancer screening behavior (Cha 2003, Johnson 2002, Lee and Vang 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Culture and traditional health beliefs are thought to influence Hmong women’s cancer screening behavior (Parker and Kiatoukaysy 1999, Her and Culhane-Pera 2004, Baisch et al 2008). The Hmong are traditionally patrilineal and patriarchal where men make the decisions to protect the well-being of the family, including health care and treatment decisions (Parker and Kiatoukaysy 1999, Baisch et al 2008); thus, men can potentially influence Hmong women’s cancer screening behavior (Cha 2003, Johnson 2002, Lee and Vang 2010). The Hmong’s belief in the spiritual etiology of cancer and their fatalistic attitudes toward cancer have also been identified as potential barriers to cancer screening (Parker and Kiatoukaysy 1999, Baisch et al 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The Hmong are traditionally patrilineal and patriarchal where men make the decisions to protect the well-being of the family, including health care and treatment decisions (Parker and Kiatoukaysy 1999, Baisch et al 2008); thus, men can potentially influence Hmong women’s cancer screening behavior (Cha 2003, Johnson 2002, Lee and Vang 2010). The Hmong’s belief in the spiritual etiology of cancer and their fatalistic attitudes toward cancer have also been identified as potential barriers to cancer screening (Parker and Kiatoukaysy 1999, Baisch et al 2008). In addition, for many Hmong women, CBEs, mammograms, and Pap tests are unfamiliar and regarded as invasive screening practices (Parker and Kiatoukaysy 1999, Johnson 2002, Cha 2003, Her and Culhane-Pera 2004, Baisch et al 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Breast and cervical cancer screening: exploring perceptions and barriers with Hmong women and men in Oregon

Kue

Zukoski²,

Keon

et al. 2013

Ethnicity & Health

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BACKGROUND Hmong women are reported to have very low rates of breast and cervical cancer screening compared to other Asian and White women in the U.S. Reasons for low cancer screening rates among this population are not well understood. METHODS This qualitative study (n=83) explored Hmong women and men’s perceptions of breast and cervical cancer and cancer screening, women’s experiences with breast and cervical cancer screening, and health care system barriers to screening. RESULTS Hmong women and men perceived breast cancer to be more severe than other types of cancers. Participants believed that breast cancer is curable if detected early. Cervical cancer was not well understood and was of greater concern than breast cancer because of its location within the body and its consequences for reproduction. In general, few participants had personal experiences with breast and/or cervical cancer. Overall, women and men had positive things to say about screenings for breast and cervical cancer, expressing that screenings offered a “proof of illness.” The majority of women did not report any concerns with the exams themselves, although some discussed embarrassment, pain, and discomfort. Barriers to screening included lack of health insurance, making co-payments, language, and issues related to scheduling appointments. Barriers differed for younger and older women. CONCLUSION Results of this study provide new insight into perceptions, experiences, and barriers to breast and cervical cancer screening among Hmong women and men. These findings have implications for developing culturally appropriate interventions to increase breast and cervical cancer screening in this population.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Breast and cervical cancer screening: exploring perceptions and barriers with Hmong women and men in Oregon

Kue

Zukoski²,

Keon

et al. 2013

Ethnicity & Health

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“…In addition, cervical cancer incidence for Hmong women is 4.2 times higher than that of non-Hispanic White women (Yang, Mills, & Dodge, 2004). The lack of cancer screening among Hmong women has been attributed to cultural and traditional health beliefs (Baisch, Vang, & Peterman, 2008; Her & Culhane-Pera, 2004; Parker & Kiatoukaysy, 1999). For example, Hmong culture is patrilineal and patriarchal; traditionally, medical decisions are made by the male head of household (Cha, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Challenges and Lessons Learned From Conducting Community-Based Research With the Hmong Community

Kue

Thorburn

Keon

2014

Health Promotion Practice

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Background Conducting research with underserved communities with little exposure to research presents a number of challenges and opportunities. Our study used a community-based approach to better understand factors that influence breast and cervical cancer screening among Hmong women. Objective This article shares lessons learned during the process of developing and conducting qualitative research with a Hmong community with limited experience with research. Methods We conducted 17 key informant and 84 in-depth interviews with Hmong women and men. Research team discussions, insights from Hmong research team members, input from our Community Advisory Committee, and project documents were sources of information about the process of conducting research in this community. Results Lessons learned concern including a cultural insider as an investigator; building community partnerships and support; establishing and working with a community advisory committee; hiring and training bilingual, bicultural staff; and using culturally appropriate materials and methods in a small, kinship-based community. We used multiple strategies to ensure this study was conducted in a culturally appropriate manner. Conclusion The lessons learned from our experiences can provide guidance to researchers on methodological and practical issues in conducting research with the Hmong and can inform future research with the Hmong and other similar underserved populations.

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“…In the Hmong culture, there is a strong sense of modesty and embarrassment related to body parts and the intrusiveness of gynecologic exams [3, 6, 7]. Fear of discovering they have cancer has also been shown to prevent Hmong women from seeking cancer screening [6, 11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Teaching Techniques in the Hmong Breast and Cervical Cancer Health Awareness Project

Lor

Bowers

2014

J Canc Educ

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Background Cancer health disparities are a reality for Hmong women who are often diagnosed at a later stage, have low literacy, and experienced care that is not culturally appropriate. Lack of attention to cultural appropriateness and literacy levels of cancer screening materials may contribute to disproportionately low levels of cancer screening among Hmong women. Purpose To evaluate the Hmong Health Awareness Project (HHAP), a program designed to create awareness and acceptance of breast and cervical cancer screening, and to examine participants’ perceptions of the utility of the content of the workshops. Methods Hmong researchers partnered with three Midwestern Hmong community centers to implement six workshops. Three teaching techniques: pictographs, videos, and hands-on activities were utilized to teach Hmong participants about cancer screening. Participants included 150 Hmong (male=30, female = 120). Teach back method was used to assess participants’ understanding of cancer screening throughout the workshops. Qualitative data were collected in focus groups to assess the feasibility of teaching methods and participants’ perceptions of the utility of the content of the workshops. Directed content analysis was used to analyze participants’ responses. Results The three teaching techniques were helpful in increasing the Hmong people’s understanding about breast and cervical cancer screening. Nearly all participants perceived an increased in their understanding, greater acceptance of cancer screening, and increased willingness to be screened. Men expressed support for screening after the workshops. Conclusion Findings can guide future interventions to improve health communications and screening and reduce diagnostic disparities among Hmong and immigrant populations.

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An Exploration of Hmong Women's Perspectives on Cancer

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Breast and cervical cancer screening: exploring perceptions and barriers with Hmong women and men in Oregon

Breast and cervical cancer screening: exploring perceptions and barriers with Hmong women and men in Oregon

Research Challenges and Lessons Learned From Conducting Community-Based Research With the Hmong Community

Evaluating Teaching Techniques in the Hmong Breast and Cervical Cancer Health Awareness Project

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