An Exploration of Perceived Stress, Burnout Syndrome, and Self-Efficacy in a Group of Polish Air Traffic Controllers and Maritime Navigators: Similarities and Differences

Makara‐Studzińska, Marta; Załuski, Maciej; Jagielski, Paweł; Wójcik-Małek, Dorota; Szelepajło, Michał

doi:10.3390/ijerph18010053

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Previous research in understanding variability of pilot performance, centred on distinguishing civil from military pilots, and, in civil aviation pilots, it was mainly focussed on selection (Damos, 2003), personality profiling (Hormann and Maschke, 1996) and risk attitudes to prevent errors (Makarowski et al , 2016). Personality profiling has also been attempted by distinguishing pilots from other groups outside aviation (Glicksohn and Naor-Ziv, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding aviation operators’ variability in advanced systems

Papanikou

Kale

Nagy

et al. 2021

AEAT

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Purpose This study aims to identify variability in aviation operators in order to gain greater understanding of the changes in aviation professional groups. Research has commonly addressed human factors and automation in broad categories according to a group’s function (e.g., pilots, air traffic controllers [ATCOs], engineers). Accordingly, pilots and Air Traffic Controls (ATCOs) have been treated as homogeneous groups with a set of characteristics. Currently, critical themes of human performance in light of systems’ developments place the emphasis on quality training for improved situational awareness (SA), decision-making and cognitive load. Design/methodology/approach As key solutions centre on the increased understanding and preparedness of operators through quality training, the authors deploy an iterative mixed methodology to reveal generational changes of pilots and ATCOs. In total, 46 participants were included in the qualitative instrument and 70 in the quantitative one. Preceding their triangulation, the qualitative data were analysed using NVivo and the quantitative analysis was aided through descriptive statistics. Findings The results show that there is a generational gap between old and new generations of operators. Although positive views on advanced systems are being expressed, concerns about cognitive capabilities in the new systems, training and skills gaps, workload and role implications are presented. Practical implications The practical implications of this study extend to different profiles of operators that collaborate either directly or indirectly and that are critical to aviation safety. Specific implications are targeted on automation complacency, bias and managing information load, and training aspects where quality training can be aided by better understanding the occupational transitions under advanced systems. Originality/value In this paper, the authors aimed to understand the changing nature of the operators’ profession within the advanced technological context, and the perceptions and performance-shaping factors of pilots and ATCOs to define the generational changes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding aviation operators’ variability in advanced systems

Papanikou

Kale

Nagy

et al. 2021

AEAT

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“…In this case, no comparable studies conducted in the discussed occupational group were found. However, in comparison with employees working in other professions involving high emotional burden, the average score was lower, for example over three points lower than the results obtained in the studies conducted on Polish air traffic controllers [ 48 ], almost three points lower than in the case of Polish maritime navigators and nearly two points lower than among Polish professional firefighters [ 25 ]. It is worth mentioning, however, that the three aforementioned occupational groups were dominated by men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…This was observed in the no risk of burnout with an increased sense of disappointment group. The comparison of the obtained data with the results of other occupational groups leads to the conclusion that the levels of perceived stress in the burnout risk group and in the without full-blown pattern of burnout with high inefficacy group were noticeably higher than the level obtained in the study carried out on a group of Polish air traffic controllers and maritime navigators [ 48 ]. These professions are commonly regarded as highly stressful [ 52 ], and, at the same time, requiring particular personal predispositions from candidates which would make them more resistant to stressors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiles of Burnout, Job Demands and Personal Resources among Emergency Call-Takers and Dispatchers

Załuski

Makara‐Studzińska

2022

Healthcare

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According to scientific research, emergency call-takers and dispatchers are particularly vulnerable to burnout syndrome. There are no data describing specific burnout patterns or allowing for the definition of subgroups of workers who are particularly at risk. The aim of this research was to apply a person-oriented approach to characterize burnout profiles using job-related variables and personal resources. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted on 553 call-takers and dispatchers aged between 19 and 65, from 14 public safety answering points in Poland. The Link Burnout Questionnaire, the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale, the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, and an independent questionnaire were used to gather information. K-means cluster analysis was used, which allowed us to highlight three distinct burnout risk profiles: high risk of burnout, without full-blown pattern of burnout with high inefficacy, and no risk of burnout with an increased sense of disappointment. Several variables which coexisted with occupational burnout included work experience, weekly working hours, intensity of perceived stress, and self-efficacy level. The application of a person-oriented approach made it possible to identify groups of call takers characterized by a high risk of burnout syndrome, and to indicate the areas in which preventive measures, focused on each of their specific needs, should be taken.

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Polish Emergency Dispatchers During a COVID-19 Pandemic – Burnout Syndrome, Perceived Stress, and Self-Efficacy. Effects of Multidimensional Path Analysis

2021

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International research has demonstrated that emergency call operators face unique risks to their mental health, in particular job stress, and occupational burnout syndrome. There is already wide knowledge about the relationship between stress, burnout and employee personal resources, which has practical application in preventing mental health. However, more research into the subtle relationships between variables is needed. The aim of the study was to check the moderation effect of differences in the intensity of latent variables on the relationship between perceived stress, self-efficacy and professional burnout. The participants were 546 call-takers and dispatchers from 14 public-safety answering point in Poland aged between 19 and 65 years. The Link Burnout Questionnaire, the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale, the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, and an independent questionnaire were used to gather information. The method of path analysis was used. The study confirmed the existence of negative relationships between perceived stress (assessment of the current situation) and self-efficacy (a personal trait). Taking into account the moderating effect of latent variable: psychological comfort revealed a hidden relationship between stress and burnout. The stress-burnout relationship occurred only among participants with low level of psychological comfort, so it was not a proportional relationship. In the case of participants with a high level of second latent variable: power-to-affect, the hypothesis that a high level of this variable should weaken the relationship between stress and burnout was not confirmed. The level of latent variables did not affect the self-efficacy relationship with occupational burnout. Taking into account the differences in the intensity of latent variables showed their moderating effect, which often turned out to be different from the assumed one and obtained in the research of other authors. This allowed to discover the relationships that might otherwise have been overlooked and not included in burnout prevention. The results showed a high level of occupational burnout in the ECD’s group during the COVID-19 pandemic: 32% of the responders reported emotional exhaustion, 53% loss of professional effectiveness.

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An Exploration of Perceived Stress, Burnout Syndrome, and Self-Efficacy in a Group of Polish Air Traffic Controllers and Maritime Navigators: Similarities and Differences

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Understanding aviation operators’ variability in advanced systems

Understanding aviation operators’ variability in advanced systems

Profiles of Burnout, Job Demands and Personal Resources among Emergency Call-Takers and Dispatchers

Polish Emergency Dispatchers During a COVID-19 Pandemic – Burnout Syndrome, Perceived Stress, and Self-Efficacy. Effects of Multidimensional Path Analysis

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