An Exploration on Copper‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks as Propitious Heterogeneous Catalyst for Coupling Reactions

Abstract

Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been considered as adaptable alternatives of interest in catalytic reactions. Modern MOFs research and advancements strongly support their employment as catalysts to produce significant organic molecules. Concerning how such substances might be utilized in heterogeneous catalysis, the entire potency of MOFs in value‐added organic transformations must be thoroughly investigated. Standard MOFs components including encapsulation materials, linkers, metal‐nodes, and coated structures frequently provide effective catalytic active sites that provide ways to lessen human efforts to implement novel natural reactions. The significant aspects of using MOFs as recyclable catalysts are their convenient fabrication, consistent porosity, substantial pore volume, reusability and durable framework in addition to cost‐effectiveness. Since MOFs were extensively explored, they may have been used to fabricate medicinal active compounds through coupling and organic transformations. In this review, several Cu‐based MOFs are examined along with their catalytic attributes that assist with the selective fabrication of the product organic moieties via various cross‐coupling reactions.

Advanced Functionalized Nanoclusters (Cu, Ag, and Au) as Effective Catalyst for Organic Transformation Reactions

“…Nevertheless, due to cost‐effective and unavailability, extensive applications of noble metals in catalysis are constrained and the development of non‐noble metal catalysts with intense activity is becoming more crucial. Copper‐based composites are gaining popularity due to their inexpensive production cost, broad availability, and significant catalytic activity [101–107] . Recent studies have demonstrated that nanostructures made up of copper (Cu), cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O), and cupric oxide (CuO) have significant catalytic activity, comparable to or even greater than that of noble metals [108–114] .…”

Stability of Zr-Based UiO-66 Metal–Organic Frameworks in Basic Solutions

“…This inherent instability poses a significant obstacle, especially in the realm of catalytic applications in organic reactions, where bases are often used as essential additives. For instance, new bond-forming cross-coupling reactions, such as the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction and Buchwald–Hartwig amination, require a wide range of bases [ 57 ], translating the fact that the low stability of Zr-MOFs under basic conditions restricts their widespread use in applications in organic syntheses [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ].…”

Review on the Catalytic Significance of Zr‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks as Potential Catalyst for Various Organic Transformations

“…Over the past few decades, an emergent class of hybrid extremely ordered crystalline porous materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained significant attention for their prospective applications in various fields such as ion exchange, [1][2][3][4] molecular recognition, [5,6] heterogeneous catalysis, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] as well as in delivering medications, [15][16][17] separating substances, and storing gases. [18][19][20][21] Although the utilization of MOFs in catalysis is a relatively new field of study, numerous organic reactions have already been conducted using MOF catalysts or as supports for catalysis, spanning from carboncarbon to carbon-heteroatom synthesis methods.…”