An exploratory prioritization of factors affecting current state of information security in Pakistani university libraries

Khan, Arif; Ibrahim, Muhammad bin; Hussain, Abid

doi:10.1016/j.jjimei.2021.100015

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Doing this allows capturing different socioeconomic classes in the country. This study gauges the cybersecurity behavior of the students in a broader context of computer and smartphone security as a whole hence extending the work of Khan et al ( 2021 ) in which only computer security was measured.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Thirdly, there is a lack of a national representative sample in Pakistan (Khan et al 2021 ) to study the cybersecurity phenomenon which hinders the generalizability of results. Fourthly, the online surveys are problematic considering digital divide variables as they miss out on the representativeness of digitally less connected and lack correlative coverage (Robinson et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study overcomes the limitations of the previous work by incorporating digital divide and socioeconomic variables, and carries out a national survey in Pakistani HEIs. In contrast to Khan et al ( 2021 ), the population of this work comprises university-going students and the sample has been drawn from geographically distributed cities across three provinces in Pakistan. To mitigate the non-representativeness of the digitally less connected participants, the survey is carried out face-to-face by traveling to different cities of the country.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence suggest the students are victims of cybercrimes such as cyber (Khan et al 2023a , b ) harassment (Saleem et al 2021 ) black mailing (Khan 2017a ) and recruitments by banned outfits (Khan 2017b ). However, the awareness of safe and secure usage of the Internet is missing and is neglected in Pakistani HEIs (Khan et al 2021 ). With limited empirical evidence, there is a need to understand the cybersecurity behavior of students considering digital disparities along with socioeconomic status in Pakistan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of socioeconomic and digital inequalities on cybersecurity in a developing country

Khan

Ikram

Saleem

2023

Secur J

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In developing countries, increased reliance on cyberspace for carrying out educational activities has implications for cybersecurity threats. In the light of stratification model of diffusion of technologies, socioeconomic and digital disparities are reproduced in the use of digital knowledge and skills. Cybersecurity is a digital skill that is affected by socioeconomic and digital inequalities; specifically in the developing nations. With lack of digital divide’s empirical evidence in terms of cybersecurity, this study employs a face-to-face survey to understand the computer and smartphone security practices of students enrolled in higher education institutes (HEIs) across Pakistan. A multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used to recruit a sample of 758 participants located in socioeconomically and geographically diverse cities in the country. Analysis was carried out using descriptive and Pearson’s Chi-square statistics. The results show lax cybersecurity behavior of students both on computer and smartphone devices. Significant differences were found in the cybersecurity practices of students in terms of socioeconomic and digital divide variables. This highlights that the individuals with lower socioeconomic status and who are digitally less connected are at a greater risk of falling victims to cyber-threats. The implications of the study state to impart tailored cybersecurity trainings with respect to digital divide and socioeconomic status of the students.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of socioeconomic and digital inequalities on cybersecurity in a developing country

Khan

Ikram

Saleem

2023

Secur J

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“…Given the high prices and limited licences, a hacker may want to gain access to these sources of information (Thomson, 2006). Digital repositories of the university libraries include intellectual resources of the university not only student-authored research but also academic staff research projects and reports (Khan et al, 2021). This could be a hacker who only wants to access a library resource from home computer or a cyber-criminal who wants to steal above-mentioned intellectual property.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of cyber risks in the library: analysis of information security awareness of Estonian library employees

Kont

2024

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PurposeThis article surveys why libraries are vulnerable to social engineering attacks and how to manage risks of human-caused cyber threats on organizational level; investigates Estonian library staff awareness of information security and shares recommendations concerning focus areas that should be given more attention in the future.Design/methodology/approachThe data used in this paper is based on an overview of relevant literature highlighting the theoretical points and giving the reasons why human factor is considered the weakest link in information security and cyber security and studying how to mitigate the related risks in the organisation. To perform the survey, a web questionnaire was designed which included 63 sentences and was developed based on the knowledge-attitude-behaviour (KAB) model supported by Kruger and Kearney and Human Aspects of Information Security Questionnaire (HAIS-Q) designed by Parsons et al.FindingsThe research results show that the information security awareness of library employees is at a good level; however, awareness in two focus areas needs special attention and should be improved. The output of this study is the mapping of seven focus areas of information security policy in libraries based on the HAIS-Q framework and the KAB model.Originality/valueThe cyber awareness of library employees has not been studied in the world using HAIS-Q and KAB model, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no research has been previously carried out in the Estonian library context into cyber security awareness.

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Information Security at Higher Education Institutions: A Systematic Literature Review

Imbaquingo-Esparza

Díaz

Egas

et al. 2022

Information and Communication Technologies

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An exploratory prioritization of factors affecting current state of information security in Pakistani university libraries

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of socioeconomic and digital inequalities on cybersecurity in a developing country

Effects of socioeconomic and digital inequalities on cybersecurity in a developing country

Management of cyber risks in the library: analysis of information security awareness of Estonian library employees

Information Security at Higher Education Institutions: A Systematic Literature Review

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