An exploratory qualitative analysis of rape myths in India

Abstract

Rape myths are stereotypical beliefs that excuse the rapist and hold the victim responsible for rape, leading to secondary victimization. This study attempts to grasp the nature of rape myths in the Indian context and compares them with rape myths that appear in the literature. Detailed semi-structured interviews were conducted with members of the general public (shopkeepers, clerks, students, counselors, peons, and guards) and legal actors (police personnel and lawyers). Results are discussed regarding the rejection of or support for rape myths and additional rape myths. Interestingly, we found that Indians are not supportive of rape myths that excuse rapists when they are influenced by alcohol. In support of previously researched rape myths, we found that Indians overestimated false accusations and blamed revealing clothes, women's drinking, and going out at night. We also found additional rape myths prevalent in India that are unique but not necessarily restricted to the Indian context. These include 'western' clothes, lack of parental control, disregard for traditional norms, provoking anger in males, and going out for leisure. Our findings suggest that the nature and intensity of rape myths vary according to culture. Assessment tools and educational interventions need to be tailored according to these variations.

Parental Rape Myth Acceptance: Contributing Factors and Their Influence on Parental Communication

“…In terms of the risk profiles of females, high rape myth parents frequently engaged in victim-blaming, linking female behaviour such as clothing choices and outgoing demeanor to risks. This point of view demonstrated a propensity to place the blame for an assault on the victim rather than the perpetrator, which is also supported by a study done by (Damania & Singh, 2022). They often ascribe rape to external factors like alcohol and multimedia influence, when it comes to the traits of perpetrators.…”

“…A person can place the blame for the crime on the victim by endorsing such myths (Chapleau & Oswald, 2013). These notions were also found in a study conducted by Damania & Singh, (2022) where semi-structured interviews with various members of the general public and legal professionals revealed Indians reject some rape myths but overvalue false accusations and blame factors like women's behaviour, attire, and lack of parental supervision. Cultural factors such as attitudes towards 'Western' attire and leisure travel also influence perceptions, emphasizing the need for tailored educational programs to combat rape myths effectively.…”