An exploratory study of selenium status in healthy individuals and in patients with COVID-19 in a south Indian population: The case for adequate selenium status

Majeed, Muhammed; Nagabhushanam, Kalyanam; Gowda, Sujay; Mundkur, Lakshmi

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2020.111053

Cited by 72 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Indirect data demonstrated that population-wide Se status is associated with higher COVID-19 cure rate in regions with higher hair Se content [ 18 ]. Evaluation of serum Se levels revealed 13% lower values in Indian COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls [ 19 ]. Correspondingly, both serum Se and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) levels were found to be lower in COVID-19 patients with low values (<2.5 of the reference population) observed in 43.4% and 39.2% cases, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Zinc, Copper, and Other Biometals Are Associated with COVID-19 Severity Markers

et al. 2021

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The objective of the present study was to evaluate of serum metal levels in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity, and to investigate the independent association between serum metal profile and markers of lung damage. The cohort of COVID-19 patients consisted of groups of subjects with mild, moderate, and severe illness, 50 examinees each. Forty-four healthy subjects of the respective age were involved in the current study as the control group. Serum metal levels were evaluated using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. Examination of COVID-19 patients demonstrated that heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, C-reactive protein levels, as well as lung damage increased significantly with COVID-19 severity, whereas SpO2 decreased gradually. Increasing COVID-19 severity was also associated with a significant gradual decrease in serum Ca, Fe, Se, Zn levels as compared to controls, whereas serum Cu and especially Cu/Zn ratio were elevated. No significant group differences in serum Mg and Mn levels were observed. Serum Ca, Fe, Se, Zn correlated positively with SpO2, being inversely associated with fever, lung damage, and C-reactive protein concentrations. Opposite correlations were observed for Cu and Cu/Zn ratio. In regression models, serum Se levels were inversely associated with lung damage independently of other markers of disease severity, anthropometric, biochemical, and hemostatic parameters. Cu/Zn ratio was also considered as a significant predictor of lower SpO2 in adjusted regression models. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that metal metabolism significantly interferes with COVID-19 pathogenesis, although the causal relations as well as precise mechanisms are yet to be characterized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Zinc, Copper, and Other Biometals Are Associated with COVID-19 Severity Markers

et al. 2021

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“…Nutritional deficiencies weaken the immune system and increase the invasion, replication, and mutation of viruses [ 18 , 21 ]. Indeed, the pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [ 4 , 13 ], is associated with an imbalance in several nutritional elements [ 5 , 22 , 23 ]. Nutritional deficiencies are common among severe and fatal COVID-19, especially elderly adults and patients with age-related comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 24 ].…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutritional deficiencies are common among severe and fatal COVID-19, especially elderly adults and patients with age-related comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 24 ]. Hypovitaminosis D [ 5 , 23 ], anemia [ 2 , 6 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], iron metabolism dysfunction [ 2 , 6 ], selenium deficiency [ 22 , 23 ], and hypoproteinemia [ 24 , 28 ] are associated with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, disease severity, increased admission to the hospital/intensive care unit (ICU), need for mechanical ventilation, and death among COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to Nutritional Screening in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Ali

Kunugi

2021

IJERPH

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Malnutrition is common among severe patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), mainly elderly adults and patients with comorbidities. It is also associated with atypical presentation of the disease. Despite the possible contribution of malnutrition to the acquisition and severity of COVID-19, it is not clear which nutritional screening measures may best diagnose malnutrition in these patients at early stages. This is of crucial importance given the urgency and rapid progression of the disease in vulnerable groups. Accordingly, this review examines the available literature for different nutritional screening approaches implemented among COVID-19 patients, with a special focus on elderly adults. After a literature search, we selected and scrutinized 14 studies assessing malnutrition among COVID-19 patients. The Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) has demonstrated superior sensitivity to other traditional screening measures. The controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, which comprises serum albumin level, cholesterol level, and lymphocytes count, as well as a combined CONUT-lactate dehydrogenase-C-reactive protein score expressed a predictive capacity even superior to that of NRS-2002 (0.81% and 0.92% vs. 0.79%) in midlife and elder COVID-19 patients. Therefore, simple measures based on routinely conducted laboratory investigations such as the CONUT score may be timely, cheap, and valuable alternatives for identifying COVID-19 patients with high nutritional risk. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was the only measure used to detect residual malnutrition and high malnutrition risk in remitting patients—MNA scores correlated with hypoalbuminemia, hypercytokinemia, and weight loss. Older males with severe inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, and pre-existing comorbidities (diabetes, obesity, or hypertension) are more prone to malnutrition and subsequently poor COVID-19 prognosis both during the acute phase and during convalescence. Thus, they are in need of frequent nutritional monitoring and support while detecting and treating malnutrition in the general public might be necessary to increase resilience against COVID-19.

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“… Majeed et al (2021) determined the serum selenium levels in COVID-19 patients from India and control subjects, in order to understand the correlation between the concentrations of this element, the viral infection and recovery. COVID-19 patients showed significantly lower selenium concentrations: 69.2 ± 8.7 ng/mL than control individuals 79.1 ± 10.9 ng/mL.…”

Section: Essential Trace Elements and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of some essential and toxic metals/metalloids in COVID-19: A review

Domingo

Marquès

2021

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Thousands of studies have been conducted in order to understand in depth the characteristics of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, its infectivity and ways of transmission, and very especially everything related to the clinical and severity of the COVID-19, as well as the potential treatments. In this sense, the role that essential and toxic metals/metalloids have in the development and course of this disease is being studied. Metals/metalloids such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury or vanadium, are elements with known toxic effects in mammals, while trace elements such as cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc are considered essential. Given the importance of metals/metalloids in nutrition and human health, the present review was aimed at assessing the relationship between various essential and toxic metals/metalloids and the health outcomes related with the COVID-19. We are in the position to conclude that particular attention must be paid to the load/levels of essential trace elements in COVID-19 patients, mainly zinc and selenium. On the other hand, the exposure to air pollutants in general, and toxic metal/metalloids in particular, should be avoided as much as possible to reduce the possibilities of viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2.

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An exploratory study of selenium status in healthy individuals and in patients with COVID-19 in a south Indian population: The case for adequate selenium status

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Serum Zinc, Copper, and Other Biometals Are Associated with COVID-19 Severity Markers

Serum Zinc, Copper, and Other Biometals Are Associated with COVID-19 Severity Markers

Approaches to Nutritional Screening in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

The effects of some essential and toxic metals/metalloids in COVID-19: A review

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