An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Exploration

Balasubramaniam, R.; Gökoğlu, Süleyman A.; Sacksteder, Kurt R.; Wegeng, Robert S.; Suzuki, Nantel

doi:10.2514/6.2010-797

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Lunar regolith is fine sand deposited on the lunar surface and it is known that it has very low thermal conductivity. There is a similar work that has been conducted by Balasubramaniam et al [2,3] and Thornton et al [4]. They also use lunar regolith as a heat storage material, called "thermal wadis."…”

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confidence: 89%

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Conceptual Verification of Lunar Long-Duration Method by Using High-Heat-Storage-Capability of Regolith

Notsu

Nagano

Ogawa

et al. 2015

Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer

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This paper proposes a lunar long-duration method that uses a characteristic of a very low thermal conductivity of lunar regolith. The principle of this method is to put a heater in at the desired depth of the regolith and heat up the regolith layer during lunar daytime. Because of the very low thermal conductivity of regolith, stored heat in regolith propagates gradually and raises the surface temperature during the cold lunar night. By this method, a lunar lander will be kept warm passively during a cold lunar night. A temporospatially small-scale experimental apparatus that simulates the lunar surface environment was fabricated and the feasibility of a passive thermal control method with no electrical power during lunar nighttime was evaluated. The effectiveness of the proposed method was analytically evaluated by considering the relation between experimental result and actual lunar environment. Nomenclature C p = constant pressure specific heat D = depth where the constant temperature area exists E = Young's modulus F = constant depending on particle emissivity f = heating frequency k c , k r , k s = thermal conductivity by contact, radiation, and regolith constituent, respectively L = thermal diffusion length P = pressure R = particle radius S, S F , N A , N L = constants depending on packing structure T space = cosmic background radiation, 2.73K T surface = temperature of lunar surface α = solar absorptivity ε = emissivity λ = thermal conductivity μ = Poisson's ratio ρ = density σ = Stefan-Boltzmann constant φ = solar elevation angle Subscripts E = experimental apparatus M = actual lunar surface

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mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Then, the heating/cooling period was determined as 48 h from Eq. (2). From this thermal diffusion length, the desired heater installation depth was also determined.…”

Section: Heating/cooling Cycle and Heater Installation Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Verification of Lunar Long-Duration Method by Using High-Heat-Storage-Capability of Regolith

Notsu

Nagano

Ogawa

et al. 2015

Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer

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“…Radioactive heat sources have been proposed, but an alternative solution is to sinter/melt lunar regolith with microwave, solar, or electrical resistance heating. 1 The thermal mass produced can then provide heat during periods of lunar darkness, allowing more efficient and effective exploration of the Moon. The thermal properties of the processed regolith, including emissivity, play an important role in determining stability of the overnight rover surface temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous measurement of temperature and emissivity of lunar regolith simulant using dual-channel millimeter-wave radiometry

McCloy

Sundaram

Matyáš

et al. 2011

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Millimeter wave (MMW) radiometry can be used for simultaneous measurement of emissivity and temperature of materials under extreme environments (high temperature, pressure, and corrosive environments). The state-of-the-art dual channel MMW passive radiometer with active interferometric capabilities at 137 GHz described here allows for radiometric measurements of sample temperature and emissivity up to at least 1600 °C with simultaneous measurement of sample surface dynamics. These capabilities have been used to demonstrate dynamic measurement of melting of powders of simulated lunar regolith and static measurement of emissivity of solid samples. The paper presents the theoretical background and basis for the dual-receiver system, describes the hardware in detail, and demonstrates the data analysis. Post-experiment analysis of emissivity versus temperature allows further extraction from the radiometric data of millimeter wave viewing beam coupling factors, which provide corroboratory evidence to the interferometric data of the process dynamics observed. These results show the promise of the MMW system for extracting quantitative and qualitative process parameters for industrial processes and access to real-time dynamics of materials behavior in extreme environments.

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Performance analysis of a photovoltaic/thermal system with lunar regolith-based thermal storage for the lunar base

Sun,

Zhao,

Pei

et al. 2024

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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An Extension of Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Exploration

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Conceptual Verification of Lunar Long-Duration Method by Using High-Heat-Storage-Capability of Regolith

Conceptual Verification of Lunar Long-Duration Method by Using High-Heat-Storage-Capability of Regolith

Simultaneous measurement of temperature and emissivity of lunar regolith simulant using dual-channel millimeter-wave radiometry

Performance analysis of a photovoltaic/thermal system with lunar regolith-based thermal storage for the lunar base

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