An externally and internally deformable, programmable lung motion phantom

Cheung, Yam Ki; Sawant, Amit

doi:10.1118/1.4918581

Cited by 26 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In this work, we described a two‐actuator externally and internally deformable lung phantom design which was a significant improvement over our previous design. Our previous phantom design used a single actuator to create deformable motion . As a result, the phantom primarily moved in the SI direction and generated marker displacements that were linearly correlated with each other (little hysteresis from response of the foam was present).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deformable motion and different hysteresis at different anatomical sites, with the mentioned displacement ranges are also characteristics of respiration‐induced anatomical deformations in the human thorax . These characteristics are absent in the majority of currently available lung phantoms …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous publication, we described the design and evaluation of a programmable lung motion phantom that was externally and internally deformable . The primary motion of the markers in the phantom was in the SI direction, with a limited amount of marker AP motion (<3 mm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These phantoms can evaluate and test a given motion management technique before it is deployed for clinical use. We can categorize these phantoms as rigid and deformable . An example of a fully rigid (rigid interior–rigid exterior) phantom was provided by Starkschall et al., who modified a commercially available rigid motion phantom (Respiratory Position Management [RPM]; Varian Medical Systems; Palo Alto, CA, USA) to evaluate a set of parameters useful for assessment of the quality of four‐dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such designs do not adequately represent respiration because, during the respiratory cycle, the tumor and the surrounding critical organs move relative to one another in the human body. We have previously presented an externally and internally deformable phantom that used a high‐precision motion platform (MP) programmed with patient‐derived motion trajectories, to actuate motion by compressing and decompressing a deformable insert . In this phantom, the correlated internal and external motion of the human anatomy was replicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel deformable lung phantom with programably variable external and internal correlation

et al. 2019

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Purpose Lung motion phantoms used to validate radiotherapy motion management strategies have fairly simplistic designs that do not adequately capture complex phenomena observed in human respiration such as external and internal deformation, variable hysteresis and variable correlation between different parts of the thoracic anatomy. These limitations make reliable evaluation of sophisticated motion management techniques quite challenging. In this work, we present the design and implementation of a programmable, externally and internally deformable lung motion phantom that allows for a reproducible change in external–internal and internal–internal correlation of embedded markers. Methods An in‐house–designed lung module, made from natural latex foam was inserted inside the outer shell of a commercially available lung phantom (RSD, Long Beach, CA, USA). Radiopaque markers were placed on the external surface and embedded into the lung module. Two independently programmable high‐precision linear motion actuators were used to generate primarily anterior–posterior (AP) and primarily superior–inferior (SI) motion in a reproducible fashion in order to enable (a) variable correlation between the displacement of interior volume and the exterior surface, (b) independent changes in the amplitude of the AP and SI motions, and (c) variable hysteresis. The ability of the phantom to produce complex and variable motion accurately and reproducibly was evaluated by programming the two actuators with mathematical and patient‐recorded lung tumor motion traces, and recording the trajectories of various markers using kV fluoroscopy. As an example application, the phantom was used to evaluate the performance of lung motion models constructed from kV fluoroscopy and 4DCT images. Results The phantom exhibited a high degree of reproducibility and marker motion ranges were reproducible to within 0.5 mm. Variable correlation was observed between the displacements of internal–internal and internal–external markers. The SI and AP components of motion of a specific marker had a correlation parameter that varied from −11 to 17. Monitoring a region of interest on the phantom's surface to estimate internal marker motion led to considerably lower uncertainties than when a single point was monitored. Conclusions We successfully designed and implemented a programmable, externally and internally deformable lung motion phantom that allows for a reproducible change in external–internal and internal–internal correlation of embedded markers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel deformable lung phantom with programably variable external and internal correlation

et al. 2019

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A method to detect landmark pairs accurately between intra‐patient volumetric medical images

et al. 2017

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Purposes: An image processing procedure was developed in this study to detect large quantity of landmark pairs accurately in pairs of volumetric medical images. The detected landmark pairs can be used to evaluate of deformable image registration (DIR) methods quantitatively. Methods: Landmark detection and pair matching were implemented in a Gaussian pyramid multiresolution scheme. A 3D scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) feature detection method and a 3D Harris-Laplacian corner detection method were employed to detect feature points, i.e., landmarks. A novel feature matching algorithm, Multi-Resolution Inverse-Consistent Guided Matching or MRICGM, was developed to allow accurate feature pairs matching. MRICGM performs feature matching using guidance by the feature pairs detected at the lower resolution stage and the higher confidence feature pairs already detected at the same resolution stage, while enforces inverse consistency. Results: The proposed feature detection and feature pair matching algorithms were optimized to process 3D CT and MRI images. They were successfully applied between the inter-phase abdomen 4DCT images of three patients, between the original and the re-scanned radiation therapy simulation CT images of two head-neck patients, and between inter-fractional treatment MRIs of two patients. The proposed procedure was able to successfully detect and match over 6300 feature pairs on average. The automatically detected landmark pairs were manually verified and the mismatched pairs were rejected. The automatic feature matching accuracy before manual error rejection was 99.4%. Performance of MRICGM was also evaluated using seven digital phantom datasets with known ground truth of tissue deformation. On average, 11855 feature pairs were detected per digital phantom dataset with TRE = 0.77 AE 0.72 mm. Conclusion: A procedure was developed in this study to detect large number of landmark pairs accurately between two volumetric medical images. It allows a semi-automatic way to generate the ground truth landmark datasets that allow quantitatively evaluation of DIR algorithms for radiation therapy applications.

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Design and development of a nonrigid phantom for the quantitative evaluation of DIR‐based mapping of simulated pulmonary ventilation

et al. 2018

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An externally and internally deformable, programmable lung motion phantom

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

A novel deformable lung phantom with programably variable external and internal correlation

A novel deformable lung phantom with programably variable external and internal correlation

A method to detect landmark pairs accurately between intra‐patient volumetric medical images

Design and development of a nonrigid phantom for the quantitative evaluation of DIR‐based mapping of simulated pulmonary ventilation

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