An Extra-Adrenal Action of Adrenocorticotrophin: Physiological Induction of Lipolysis by Secretion of Adrenocorticotrophin in Obese Rabbits

Lafontan, Max; Agid, R

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0810281

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although hypercortisolemia has not been well documented in rabbits with hyperadrenocorticism (due to lack of standardized RIs and testing protocols), both cortisol and corticosterone were shown to increase experimentally in rabbits with social stress, such that the stress of disease could have contributed to hyperlipidemia in the rabbits of our study. Increased corticosterone also increased serum free fatty acids in stressed rabbits and could be more likely than cortisol to contribute to hyperlipidemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia as biochemical markers of disease in companion rabbits

SHARMA

Hill

Christopher

2018

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Background: Inflammation has important effects on lipid metabolism, but the relationship between hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and disease remains unknown in rabbits. While rabbits are sensitive to dietary hypercholesterolemia, the etiology of hyperlipidemia when fed non-atherogenic diets is uncertain. Objectives:This study aimed to determine the association between hypercholesterolemia and patient characteristics, diseases, and select CBC and biochemistry analytes in rabbits, and to measure plasma lipoprotein lipid fractions in rabbits with inflammatory and other diseases. Methods:Complete blood count and plasma biochemistry data, including total cholesterol concentrations, were evaluated in 531 companion rabbits. Lipoprotein cholesterol fractions (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [non-HDLc] and highdensity lipoprotein [HDLc]) and triglycerides were measured using a colorimetric enzymatic assay in archived plasma from a subset of 267 rabbits. Rabbits were categorized by age, sex, spay/neuter status, breed, diet status (fed atherogenic dietary components or not), the organ system affected by disease, and the pathologic process.Results: Cholesterol was associated with fibrinogen (P = 0.01), globulins (P < 0.01), and heterophil (P < 0.01) concentrations. Adjusting for diet, rabbits with severe infection or sepsis (odds ratio [OR] = 13.25, 95% CI = 5.83-30.12), renal failure (OR = 14.42, 95% CI = 5.69-36.54), and hepatopathy (OR = 8.55, 95% CI = 3.55-20.62) had increased risks of hypercholesterolemia. Increased non-HDLc and triglyceride concentrations were also associated with these three disease states (P < 0.05). Conclusions:Hyperlipidemia is associated with biochemical and CBC markers of inflammation, and with severe infection or sepsis, renal failure, and hepatopathy. Independent of diet, increased cholesterol, non-HDLc, and triglycerides are indicators of disease in companion rabbits. K E Y W O R D Shepatopathy, hyperlipidemia, lipoprotein, renal failure, sepsis

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia as biochemical markers of disease in companion rabbits

SHARMA

Hill

Christopher

2018

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…2). Adrenocorticotrophin has a direct action on fatty tissue and is a strong lipid-mobilizing hormone in rabbits (Lafontan & Agid, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute in-vivo effects of adrenocorticotrophin on plasma levels of glucagon, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids in rabbits: involvement of the alpha-adrenergic nervous system

Knudtzon¹

1984

Journal of Endocrinology

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Intravenous injection of 8.5 nmol (1-24)ACTH increased the plasma levels of glucagon, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids in rabbits. The (1-24)ACTH-induced hyperglucagonaemia and hyperinsulinaemia started 3 and 20 min after the injection respectively. Similar increases in the plasma levels of glucagon, insulin and free fatty acids were found with 5.3 nmol (1-39)ACTH, whereas (1-4)ACTH, (4-10)ACTH, (1-10)ACTH, (11-24)ACTH, (7-38)ACTH and (18-39)ACTH (corticotrophin-like intermediate lobe peptide) injected at doses of approximately 8 nmol were inactive. Infusions with the alpha-adrenergic blocking drug, phentolamine, reduced the (1-24) ACTH-induced hyperglucagonaemia and hyperglycaemia, and augmented the (1-24)ACTH-induced hyperinsulinaemia, which now became significant after 5 min. Infusions with the beta-adrenergic blocking drug, propranolol, did not diminish the (1-24)ACTH-induced effects, but killed the rabbits after 2-4 h. It is concluded that the acute in-vivo effects of ACTH in rabbits are modulated by the involvement of alpha-adrenergic receptors, which increased the plasma levels of glucagon and glucose, and delayed and diminished the ACTH-induced increases in the plasma levels of insulin. The (1-24)ACTH-induced increases in the plasma levels of free fatty acids were not influenced by the adrenergic blocking drugs.

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“…It remains to be established that the adaptation of responses in isolated adipocytes mirrors the same responses in vivo. Unfortunately, the rabbit is a difficult model for in vivo assays of catecholamine action because, under stressful conditions, ACTH exerts a lipomobilizing action due to a potent and physiological extraadrenal lipolytic action (39).…”

Section: ␣2-adrenergic Responsiveness and The ␣2-␤ Functional Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy modifies the α2-β-adrenergic receptor functional balance in rabbit fat cells

Bousquet‐mélou¹,

Muñoz²,

Galitzky

et al. 1999

Journal of Lipid Research

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The sympathetic nervous system controls lipolysis in fat by activation of four adrenergic receptors: ␤ 1, ␤ 2, ␤ 3, and ␣ 2. During pregnancy, maternal metabolism presents anabolic and catabolic phases, characterized by modifications of fat responsiveness to catecholamines. The contributions of the four adrenergic receptors to adipocyte responsiveness during pregnancy have never been studied. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of pregnancy on adrenergic receptor-mediated lipolysis in rabbit white adipocytes. Functional studies were performed using subtypeselective and non-selective adrenergic receptor agonists. Overall adrenergic responsiveness was measured with the physiological agonist epinephrine. Non-adrenergic agents were used to evaluate different steps of the lipolytic cascade. The ␣ 2-and ␤ 1/ ␤ 2-adrenergic receptor numbers were determined with selective radioligands. Non-adrenergic agents revealed that pregnancy induced an intracytoplasmic modification of the lipolytic cascade in inguinal but not in retroperitoneal adipocytes. Pregnancy induced an increase in ␤ 1-and specially ␤ 3-mediated lipolysis. The amounts of adipocyte ␤ 1/ ␤ 2-and ␣ 2-adrenergic receptors were increased in pregnant rabbits. Epinephrine effects revealed an increased contribution of ␣ 2-adrenergic receptor-mediated antilipolysis in adipocytes from pregnant rabbits.These results indicate that pregnancy regulates adipocyte responsiveness to catecholamines mainly via the ␣ 2-and ␤ 3-adrenergic pathways. Pregnancy induces an intracytoplasmic modification of the lipolytic cascade, probably via hormone-sensitive lipase, with differences according to fat location.-Bousquet-Mélou, A

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An Extra-Adrenal Action of Adrenocorticotrophin: Physiological Induction of Lipolysis by Secretion of Adrenocorticotrophin in Obese Rabbits

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia as biochemical markers of disease in companion rabbits

Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia as biochemical markers of disease in companion rabbits

Acute in-vivo effects of adrenocorticotrophin on plasma levels of glucagon, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids in rabbits: involvement of the alpha-adrenergic nervous system

Pregnancy modifies the α2-β-adrenergic receptor functional balance in rabbit fat cells

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