An extraluminal force transducer for recording contractile activity of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle in the conscious dogs: Its construction and implantation

Abstract

An extraluminal strain-gauge force transducer has been developed for recording contractile activity of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle. The details of its construction and implantation were described. The transducer unit allows for continuous long-term recordings (more the 5 months) from conscious experimental animals. It could be constructed in any laboratory and easily implanted in animals if it is done in aseptic technique. Since it is sutured onto the outside of the gut, it does not interfere passage of the contents. The only disadvantages are that it only measures muscle contractions and it is hard to determine movements of intraluminal contents especially in the digestive state.

Physiological characteristics of gastric contractions and circadian gastric motility in the free-moving conscious house musk shrew (Suncus murinus)

“…The strain gauge force transducers used in this study were made in our laboratory with appropriate modification of the previously reported method (18). Waterproofing and response property were checked in all transducers before implantation.…”

Intragastric Dai-Kenchu-To, a Japanese Herbal Medicine, Stimulates Colonic Motility via Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Member 1 in Dogs

“…A strain gauge force transducer consists of copper-beryllium sheet and attached lead wires 60 cm in length. The copper-beryllium sheet, 0.05 mm in thickness and 12 × 7 mm in size, has four tiny holes at each corner and covered with silicone rubber for the purpose of waterproof (Itoh et al 1977). Utilizing four holes, strain-gauge force transducers were sutured on the terminal ileum 5 cm proximal to the ileocecal junction, the proximal colon 5 cm distal to the ileocecal junction, the distal colon 10 cm proximal to the peritoneal reflection, and the middle colon with the equal distance between each colonic transducer (Fig.…”

5-Amino-6-chloro-N-[(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-2-methylimidazo[1,2-α]pyridine-8-carboxamide (CJ-033,466), a Novel and Selective 5-Hydroxytryptamine4 Receptor Partial Agonist: Pharmacological Profile in Vitro and Gastroprokinetic Effect in Conscious Dogs

“…Five healthy male beagles (Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) weighing 9 to 15 kg, were anesthetized with isoflurane, and the abdominal cavity was opened under aseptic conditions. Extraluminal force transducers (IS-12S; Star Medical, Tokyo, Japan) were sutured onto the selomuscular layer of the gastric antrum 3 cm proximal to the pyloric ring, according to the method of Itoh et al (1977). The transducer's lead wires were taken out of the abdominal cavity through a skin incision between the scapulae.…”