An Extreme Learning Machine-Based System Frequency Nadir Constraint Linearization Method

Abstract

Large-scale integration of converter-based renewable energy sources (RESs) into the power system will lead to a higher risk of frequency nadir limit violation and even frequency instability after the large power disturbance. Therefore, it is essential to consider the frequency nadir constraint (FNC) in power system scheduling. Nevertheless, the FNC is highly nonlinear and nonconvex. The <a>state-of-the-art</a> method to simplify the constraint is to construct a low-order frequency response model at first, and then linearize the frequency nadir equation. In this letter, an extreme learning machine (ELM)-based network is built to <a>derive </a>the linear formulation of FNC, where the two-step fitting process is integrated into one training process and more details about the physical model of the generator are considered to reduce the fitting error. Simulation results show the superiority of the proposed method on the fitting accuracy.