An FPGA-Based Trigger System With Online Track Recognition in COMET Phase-I

Nakazawa, Yu; Fujii, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Kuno, Y.; Lee, Myeong Jae; Mihara, S.; Shoji, M.; Uchida, Tomohisa; Ueno, Katsunori; Yoshida, Hisataka

doi:10.1109/tns.2021.3084624

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Given the measured MBE rate when considering 10 COTTRI FE boards of (5.3 ± 1.7) × 10 −9 [n eq • cm −2 ] −1 , the accumulated neutron fluence of (1.0 ± 0.3) × 10 12 n eq • cm −2 and the size of the BRAM in this study to which the FIFO ECC was applied of 64 × 32767 bits, this leads to an expected (2.4 ± 0.8) × 10 trigger errors over the entire Phase-I data collection. Considering a trigger rate of 13 kHz [13] over the 150 days of measurement, the impact expected of the BRAM MBE rate is negligibly small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purposes of Phase-I, a minimum trigger efficiency of 90 % is a requirement for sensitivity limits, while the estimated online trigger efficiency is expected to be 96 % [13]. Taking the conservative upper limit of the URE dead time (4.9 %) and this trigger efficiency, the minimum desired trigger efficiency is fulfilled (0.96 × 0.951% ≈ 91%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where N RC is the number of RECBE channels per COTTRI CDC FE board, N ADC is the number of bits for each channel that the RECBE generates based on the CDC detector signal and N CLK is the number of clock cycles per trigger. In the Phase-I COTTRI design, the number of RECBE channels will be 480, the number of bits generated by each channel is 2 and the number of clock cycles per trigger is 10 [13]. Using (3) we can calculate a trigger size of 9600 bits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiation Tolerance of Online Trigger System for COMET Phase-I

Dekkers

Nakazawa²,

Fujii³

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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The COMET experiment aims to search for the neutrinoless muon to electron transition process with new sensitivity levels. The online trigger system is an integral part of achieving the sensitivity levels required and will be subject to an expected neutron fluence of up to 10 12 neq • cm −2 within regions inside the detector solenoid. Consequently a significant number of soft errors in the logic of the on board field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) can occur, requiring error correction for single event upsets and firmware reprogramming schemes for unrecoverable soft errors. We studied the radiation tolerance of the COMET Phase-I front-end trigger system, called COTTRI, subject to neutron fluence on order 10 12 neq •cm −2 with multiple error correcting codes and automatic firmware reconfiguration. The regions measured were the configuration RAM, block RAM and also in a multi-gigabit transfer link using copper cables that will be used for communication between different trigger boards during Phase-I. The resulting error rates suggest the most significant impact to the experiment will come from unrecoverable soft errors in configuration RAM, with dead time expected to be (3.7 ± 1.2) %. The effect of multi-bit errors in block RAM was found to be almost negligible in COMET Phase-I. In addition, multiple solutions have already been proposed in order to suppress these errors further. Error rates observed in the multi-gigabit transfer links were measured to be of two orders of magnitude less impact compared to the unrecoverable errors in configuration RAM. We concluded that the COTTRI system meets the trigger requirement in COMET Phase-I.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiation Tolerance of Online Trigger System for COMET Phase-I

Dekkers

Nakazawa²,

Fujii³

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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“…The Phase-I trigger system collects information from the CDC and CTH detectors via front-end and merger boards that feed into an FC7 [14] central trigger board that makes the final decision. The current classification system is based on a GBDT filter that allows for high-level suppression of CDC hits which, when combined with the CTH trigger information, suppress the overall trigger rate to 13 kHz with only 3.2 µs latency [15]. COMET will also use a MIDAS-based DAQ system [16] that provides a total throughput of 1 GB/s.…”

Section: Software Trigger and Daq Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for Muon to Electron Conversion with the COMET Experiment

Dekkers

2023

NuFACT 2022

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“…The first level trigger is issued by the cylindrical trigger hodoscope, which consists of a combination of plastic scintillation and acrylic Cherenkov counters. The high-level trigger is generated by using hit information of CDC at online level, resulting in an overall trigger rate down to about 10 kHz [42].…”

Section: Cylindrical Detector Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for Muon-to-Electron Conversion with the COMET Experiment

Moritsu¹

2022

Universe

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Charged Lepton Flavor Violation is expected to be one of the most powerful tools to reveal physics beyond the Standard Model. The COMET experiment aims to search for the neutrinoless coherent transition of a muon into an electron in the field of a nucleus. Muon-to-electron conversion has never been observed, and can be, and would be, clear evidence of new physics if discovered. The experimental sensitivity of this process, defined as the ratio of the muon-to-electron conversion rate to the total muon capture rate, is expected to be significantly improved by a factor of 100 to 10,000 in the coming decade. The COMET experiment will take place at J-PARC with single event sensitivities of the orders of 10−15 and 10−17 in Phase-I and Phase-II, respectively. The ambitious goal of the COMET experiment is achieved by realizing a high-quality pulsed beam and an unprecedentedly powerful muon source together with an excellent detector apparatus that can tolerate a severe radiation environment. The construction of a new beam line, superconducting magnets, detectors and electronics is in progress towards the forthcoming Phase-I experiment. We present the experimental methods, sensitivity and backgrounds along with recent status and prospects.

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An FPGA-Based Trigger System With Online Track Recognition in COMET Phase-I

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Radiation Tolerance of Online Trigger System for COMET Phase-I

Radiation Tolerance of Online Trigger System for COMET Phase-I

Searching for Muon to Electron Conversion with the COMET Experiment

Search for Muon-to-Electron Conversion with the COMET Experiment

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