An hourly-scale assessment of sub-cloud evaporation effect on precipitation isotopes in a rainshadow oasis of northwest China

Wang, Liwei; Wang, Shengjie; Zhang, Mingjun; Duan, Lihong; Xia, Yijie

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106202

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The region is characterized by multiethnic groups, mainly composed of Han, Hui, and Mongolian people. Due to the relatively low precipitation and high evaporation in this area [ 15 ], plant resources are relatively scarce, both in the number of species and in abundance. Since ancient times, this has been a poverty-stricken area with a shortage of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in multiethnic areas of the Gansu–Ningxia–Inner Mongolia junction zone

Jia

Zhao

Zhu

et al. 2022

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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Introduction In recent years, research on wild edible plant resources has become increasingly popular. The Hassan Nature Reserve is a multiethnic area mainly composed of people belonging to the Han, Hui, and Mongolian groups. The utilization of edible wild plant resources in this area is extremely high. However, with the advancement of urbanization and the development of modern agricultural technology, these resources have been seriously damaged, and related traditional knowledge, such as that related to national medicine, has been lost. Methods Based on a literature study, interviews with village and community organizations, participatory observation, and quantitative evaluation of ethnobotanical resources, wild edible plants in the Gansu–Ningxia–Inner Mongolia junction zone, were investigated. Results The survey results showed that there were 53 species (varieties) of wild edible plants belonging to 24 families in this area. The Compositae and Liliaceae families were the most abundant, with 8 and 7 species, respectively. The young stems and leaves were the most edible parts of the plants, as observed for 17 species, followed by fruits (including young fruits), which were considered the edible part of 16 species. Other edible parts included the roots or rhizomes (bulbs), seeds, whole plants, skins, etc. The edible plants were consumed in two forms: raw and cooked; raw plants, mainly fruit, were typically consumed as snacks. The cooked foods mainly consisted of vegetables, with tender stems and leaves as the main food source. These components were also used as seasoning, in medicinal diets, and as an emergency food source in times of famine. Important (CFSI > 500) wild edible plants used in health care in the region include Mulgedium tataricum (L.) DC., Nostoc commune Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault, Sonchus arvensis L., Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz., Allium schoenoprasum L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Hemerocallis citrina Baroni, Elaeagnus angustifolia L., Medicago sativa L., Ulmus pumila L., Stachys sieboldii Miq., and Toona sinensis (Juss.) M. Roem., and these plants had high utilization values and rates locally. Conclusion In summary, the species of wild edible plants and their edible parts, categories, consumption forms and roles in health care in this area are diverse. The utilization of traditional knowledge is rich, and some wild plants have high development value.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in multiethnic areas of the Gansu–Ningxia–Inner Mongolia junction zone

Jia

Zhao

Zhu

et al. 2022

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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“…When f is larger and the Δ δ 18 O is smaller, the raindrops are less affected by the below‐cloud evaporation during the falling process. On the contrary, when the f is smaller and the Δ δ 18 O is larger, the raindrops are more strongly affected by the below‐cloud evaporation (Wang et al, 2021; Wang, Wang, et al, 2022). The below‐cloud evaporation has an increasing influence on precipitation isotopes in the morning and a decreasing influence in the afternoon across the Gannan Plateau.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Below‐cloud evaporation effect on stable water isotopes in precipitation at the eastern margin of Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Quantitatively assessing the evaporation‐caused stable water isotope fractionation in precipitation below the cloud base is of great significance to understand the modern hydrological circulation especially in a plateau climate. Based on the hourly meteorological data at eight meteorological stations of the Gannan Plateau at the eastern margin of Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau in 2020, we examined the spatial and temporal variations of below‐cloud evaporation effect on precipitation isotopes, and then discussed the factors influencing the below‐cloud evaporation across the Gannan Plateau. The contemporary observation of precipitation isotopes at one site in the Gannan Plateau is also applied to understand the local meteoric water line associated with the below‐cloud evaporation. From 9:00 to 21:00 Beijing Time, the impact of below‐cloud evaporation is greater than that during the rest periods. Within the study region, the below‐cloud evaporation in the central area is usually stronger than that of the surrounding area. The diurnal and monthly variability of relative humidity is highly consistent with that of the remaining raindrop mass fraction after evaporation as well as the isotope variation in raindrop below the cloud base. When the relative humidity is greater than 95%, there is a linear relationship between the remaining raindrop mass fraction and the below‐cloud deuterium‐excess variation of approximate 1.1‰/%. Global warming will increase the below‐cloud evaporation effect across the Gannan Plateau. The findings are useful to understand the below‐cloud evaporation and isotope fractionation under a plateau climate.

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“…where E is the evaporation intensity (water mass in unit time) under a specific environment (temperature, relative humidity and raindrop diameter) using a bilinear interpolation [19,47], H is the cloud base height derived from temperature and relative humidity [26], and v is the terminal velocity (distance in unit time) of a falling raindrop derived from raindrop radius and cloud base height [48]. The estimated terminal velocities in this study range between 2.6 m/s and 7.5 m/s for precipitation hours with a temperature higher than 0 • C, and the arithmetic mean is 3.6 m/s, which is consistent with some recent measurements in northwest China [44,45].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the sample-based meteorological records are usually not sufficient to examine the diurnal variations, because of the low temporal resolution of collected precipitation samples. To improve the resolution issue, recent studies tried to directly input the continuously measured meteorological records in the modified Stewart model, which can extend the assessments to a longer or shorter timescale [25,26]. However, the seasonal difference of diurnal variability was not well examined, and more assessments focusing on diurnal variability are still needed for various climate backgrounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Impact of Below-Cloud Evaporation on Isotope Compositions of Precipitation on the Southern Slope of the Altai Mountains, Central Asia

et al. 2022

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Precipitation is an important natural resource relating to regional sustainability in arid central Asia, and the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes provide useful tracers to understand precipitation processes. In this study, we collected the hourly meteorological data at several stations on the southern slope of the Altai Mountains in arid central Asia, from March 2017 to June 2022, and examined the diurnal impact of below-cloud evaporation on stable isotope compositions of precipitation. During nighttime, the changes in isotope compositions below cloud base are generally weak. The enhanced impact of below-cloud evaporation can be found after around 15:00, and the impact is relatively strong in the afternoon, especially from 18:00 to 22:00. Summer and spring usually have a larger impact of below-cloud evaporation than autumn, and the winter precipitation is generally not influenced by below-cloud evaporation. On an annual basis, the differences in evaporation-led isotope changes between daytime and nighttime are 1.1‰ for stable oxygen isotope compositions, 4.0‰ for stable hydrogen isotope compositions and 4.7‰ for deuterium excess. The period from 2:00 to 10:00 shows relatively low sensitivity to relative humidity, and from 14:00 to 22:00 the impacts are sensitive. Considering the fluctuations of precipitation isotope compositions, the impact of below-cloud evaporation does not greatly modify the seasonal environmental signals.

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An hourly-scale assessment of sub-cloud evaporation effect on precipitation isotopes in a rainshadow oasis of northwest China

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in multiethnic areas of the Gansu–Ningxia–Inner Mongolia junction zone

Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in multiethnic areas of the Gansu–Ningxia–Inner Mongolia junction zone

Below‐cloud evaporation effect on stable water isotopes in precipitation at the eastern margin of Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Diurnal Impact of Below-Cloud Evaporation on Isotope Compositions of Precipitation on the Southern Slope of the Altai Mountains, Central Asia

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