An in vitro evaluation of the adhesion of Candida species to oral and lung tissue cells

Abstract

The analysis of the adherence capacity of fungi to surfaces of both oral tissue and different tissues would be of interest in the fungal dissemination as an oral and systemic pathogen. We developed an in vitro adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-based assay technique to extract the cellular and fungal ATP separately, which allowed the quantitative evaluation of the adhesion of the yeast to monolayers of human gingival epithelial cells (GEC), gingival fibroblasts (GF) and pulmonary fibroblasts (PF). Seven oral isolates of Candida species (three of Candida albicans, three of Candida tropicalis and one of Candida glabrata) were used in the study. The adherent level of the Candida species varied depending on both the isolates and the cell origins, although all the Candida isolates had a significantly higher level of adherence to GEC than to GF except the single isolate of C. tropicalis. Whereas the adherent level of the five isolates to GEC was significantly higher than that to PF, the adherent level of the remaining two isolates of C. tropicalis to GEC was significantly lower than that to PF. These results suggest that candidal adherence to host tissue cells should be regulated in an isolate-dependent and cell-origin-dependent manner, and that the phenomena may be involved in the colonisation and/or dissemination of the fungi.

Real-time PCR analysis of fungal organisms and bacterial species at peri-implantitis sites

“…Furthermore, Candida spp . possess a high potential to colonize and invade gingival tissues [22] and co-aggregate with other oral microorganisms such as Pg [23,24]. The present microbiological analysis also has identified high proportions of periodontopathogenic bacteria associated with peri-implant diseases, thus corroborating previous analyses [4,7,9,25,26].…”

Investigating Biofilm Production, Coagulase and Hemolytic Activity in Candida Species Isolated From Denture Stomatitis Patients

“…Biofilm formation is thought to be one of Candida's most important growth adaptations because biofilms allow it the possibility to colonize oral surfaces. The possibility that these biofilms could serve as a reservoir for disseminated infections, such as aspiration pneumonia and gastrointestinal infection, has been pointed out earlier [1,2].…”

“…There are 300 to 400 species of microorganisms in the oral cavity, including 20 species of Candida. The fungus is frequently isolated from various oral sites, including the tongue, cheek, palatal mucosa, dentures, dental plaque, dental caries and subgingival flora [2]. It is estimated that the oral cavity is colonized by Candida in 40 to 60% of the population.…”

Inhibitory effect of extracts from Brazilian medicinal plants on the adhesion of Candida albicans to buccal epithelial cells

“…The yeast adhesion to host mucosal surfaces is a pre-requisite for colonization and infection (Olsen 1990;Bendel 2003). Colonization of host mucosal surfaces may serve as a reservoir for disseminated infections, such as aspiration pneumonia and gastrointestinal infection, especially in immunocompromised patients (Nikawa et al 2006).…”