An Ideal Selective Anti-Cancer Agent In Vitro: I-Tissue Culture Study of Human Lung Cancer Cells A549

Abstract

Management of cancer is one of the challenging problems in medical practice as there are no available medical modalities that can selectively kill cancer cells without adverse effect on normal living cells or the functions of vital organs. Tissue culture of human lung cancer cells (A549) was used in studying the effect of agent, PM 701, to test its effect on the behavior of the cancer cells as compared with that of normal cells (human skin fibroblasts). This new agent proved to be effective in killing lung cancer cells through its effect on the nuclei, limiting the division of these cells, causing degeneration and apoptosis. Conversely, PM 701 exhibited nourishing effects on normal cultured skin fibroblasts; this implies that this agent may have selective cancer cell killing effect and reparative effect on normal dividing cells (fibroblasts). The results showed that all tested concentrations of PM 701 inhibited the growth of the human lung cancer cells (A549 cells), with maximum effect at medium concentration. There is immediate lethal effect of this agent on cancer cells noticed at the first 10-minutes in live experiment. The present study represents the first experience in using PM 701 as a selective anticancer agent at tissue culture level.

The Cytotoxic Effect of Small and Large Molecules of PMF Fraction Extracted from Camel Urine on Cancer Cells

“…The results of the current study of the cytotoxic effects of purified fractions of PMF on different types of cancer cell lines are in accord with those of previous studies [43][44][45][46][47] reporting the cytotoxic effect of PM701 (lyophilized camel urine) on cancer cell lines such as A549, L1210, HCT116, HepG2, MCF-7 and U251. Moreover, other fractions of camel urine such as PM701 and its bioactive fraction PMF and sub-fraction PMFK were shown to have cytotoxic properties against different cancer cell lines.…”

“…As with the current study, a previous study [41][42][43][44][45][46] demonstrated that PM701, its bioactive fraction (PMF), and its sub-fraction (PMFK) all exhibit anti-cancer activity. Another study examined the effect of lyophilized PM701 and its bioactive fractions on the growth of breast cancer cells (MCF-7).…”

“…The cytotoxic properties of the bioactive fraction (G) of camel urine (PMF) against different types of cancer cells have been studied previously [41,42]: these studies showed that, although PMF was highly cytotoxic against A549 human lung cancer cells and leukemic L1210 cells, it did not harm normal human cells; this indicates that PMF can be used to selectively target cancer cells. The results of the current study of the cytotoxic effects of purified fractions of PMF on different types of cancer cell lines are in accord with those of previous studies [43][44][45][46][47] reporting the cytotoxic effect of PM701 (lyophilized camel urine) on cancer cell lines such as A549, L1210, HCT116, HepG2, MCF-7 and U251.…”

Therapeutic Applications of Camel’s Milk and Urine against Cancer: Current Development Efforts and Future Perspectives

“…Both camel milk and urine are among natural products endowed in agents with such desirable characteristics. These products possess supreme cytotoxic effect against various cancer cells and cell lines (Table 1) [9][10][11]16,23,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51].…”

“…Lactoferrin is found to bind with insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 [97], thereby act by altering the availability or stability of insulin-like growth factor, a known regulator of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway [98]. Accordingly, camel urine possess supreme anti-proliferative effect on many lines of cancer cell possibly through the induction of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21 as it is found to up-regulates p21 in the p53-defective cancer cells [39,99]. Anti-proliferative effect of camel urine is significantly influenced by breeds, age, sex and other camel characteristics.…”