An Immunohistochemical Expressions of BAD , MDM2 and P21 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Khalil, Afrah A.; Sarkis, Seta A.

doi:10.12816/0028211

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Firstly, chronic inflammation induced by pathogens creates a microenvironment conducive to tumor development. These pathogens release pro-inflammatory cytokines and activate immune cells, perpetuating inflammation and facilitating carcinogenesis [9][10][11][12]. Secondly, certain dental pathogens produce genotoxic substances, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing DNA damage and genomic instability in oral epithelial cells [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piperine-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles target biofilms and induce oral cancer apoptosis via BCl-2/BAX/P53 pathway

Shaik,

Kandaswamy,

Guru

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Background Dental pathogens play a crucial role in oral health issues, including tooth decay, gum disease, and oral infections, and recent research suggests a link between these pathogens and oral cancer initiation and progression. Innovative therapeutic approaches are needed due to antibiotic resistance concerns and treatment limitations. Methods We synthesized and analyzed piperine-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-PIP NPs) using UV spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, FTIR, and EDAX. Antioxidant and antimicrobial effectiveness were evaluated through DPPH, ABTS, and MIC assays, while the anticancer properties were assessed on KB oral squamous carcinoma cells. Results ZnO-PIP NPs exhibited significant antioxidant activity and a MIC of 50 µg/mL against dental pathogens, indicating strong antimicrobial properties. Interaction analysis revealed high binding affinity with dental pathogens. ZnO-PIP NPs showed dose-dependent anticancer activity on KB cells, upregulating apoptotic genes BCL2, BAX, and P53. Conclusions This approach offers a multifaceted solution to combatting both oral infections and cancer, showcasing their potential for significant advancement in oral healthcare. It is essential to acknowledge potential limitations and challenges associated with the use of ZnO NPs in clinical applications. These may include concerns regarding nanoparticle toxicity, biocompatibility, and long-term safety. Further research and rigorous testing are warranted to address these issues and ensure the safe and effective translation of ZnO-PIP NPs into clinical practice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piperine-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles target biofilms and induce oral cancer apoptosis via BCl-2/BAX/P53 pathway

Shaik,

Kandaswamy,

Guru

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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“…In recent years, high-throughput sequencing technology has rapidly evolved, generating large scale biological data and proving to be an effective tool for discovering promising cancer biomarkers [ 9 , 10 ]. Through bioinformatic analysis and traditional method such as immunohistochemical staining, various gene markers for cancer were identified, including AFP, EGFR, P21 and CD79 [ 11 – 14 ]. Identifying genes that significantly correlate with the progression and prognosis in HNSCC patients may be applicable for establishing a robust model for HNSCC diagnosis and treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CTHRC1 is a prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Zhang,

Ren,

Wang

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, characterized by high morbidity, high mortality, and poor prognosis. Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) has been shown to be highly expressed in various cancers. However, its biological functions, potential role as a biomarker, and its relationship with immune infiltrates in HNSCC remain unclear. Our principal objective was to analyze CTHRC1 expression, its prognostic implications, biological functions, and its effects on the immune system in HNSCC patients using bioinformatics analysis. Methods The expression matrix was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). CTHRC1 expression in HNSCC was analyzed between tumor and adjacent normal tissues, different stages were compared, and its impact on clinical prognosis was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were employed for enrichment analysis. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database (STRING) was used to analyze protein-protein interactions. Pearson correlation tests were used to investigate the association between CTHRC1 expression and immune checkpoints. The correlation between CTHRC1 and immune infiltration was investigated using CIBERSORT, TIMER, and ESTIMATE. Results Compared to adjacent normal tissues, CTHRC1 was found to be highly overexpressed in tumors. Increased expression of CTHRC1 was more evident in the advanced stage of HNSCC and predicted a poor prognosis. Most genes related to CTHRC1 in HNSCC were enriched in physiological functions of Extracellular matrix(ECM) and tumor. Furthermore, several immune checkpoints, such as TNFSF4 and CD276 have been shown to be associated with CTHRC1 expression. Notably, the level of CTHRC1 expression correlated significantly with immune infiltration levels, particularly activated macrophages in HNSCC. Conclusions High expression of CTHRC1 predicts poor prognosis and is associated with immune infiltration in HNSCC, confirming its utility as a tumor marker for HNSCC. Trial registration Not applicable. All data are from public databases and do not contain any clinical trials.

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An Immunohistochemical Expressions of BAD , MDM2 and P21 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Piperine-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles target biofilms and induce oral cancer apoptosis via BCl-2/BAX/P53 pathway

Piperine-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles target biofilms and induce oral cancer apoptosis via BCl-2/BAX/P53 pathway

CTHRC1 is a prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

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