An implantable mixed analog/digital neural stimulator circuit

Gudnason, Gunnar; Bruun, Erik; Haugland, Morten Kristian

doi:10.1109/iscas.1999.777587

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Traditional clock recovery circuits in [7] and [8] are too complex to be suitable for passive low power RFID application. The circuit reported in [15] generates a consecutive system clock of 1 MHz and have an average power consumption of 50 lA, while the proposed circuit consumes only \17 lA current and outputs a clock of 6.78 MHz.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low power clock recovery circuit for passive HF RFID tag

Dai

Zhang

et al. 2009

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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A low power clock recovery circuit for passive HF RFID tag is presented. The proposed clock recovery circuit, based on the architecture of Phase Locked Loop (PLL), is used to generate a stable system clock when communication occurs from interrogator to tag with 100% ASK modulation. An envelope detector is designed to detect the incident power from interrogator and control the operating state of the proposed clock recovery circuit. Loop bandwidth of PLL circuits is minimized to reduce the frequency deviation when operating in frequency maintaining state. Furthermore, an initialization circuit for loop filter is also used to speed up locking during initial system power-on-reset. Prototype chips have been fabricated in 0.35 lm 2P4M CMOS technology. A total current consumption of 3 lA has been achieved in the frequency maintaining state. Measurement results show that, when communication occurs from interrogator to tag with 100% ASK modulation, clock recovery circuit generates a stable and consecutive system clock and has an inevitable frequency derivation of 7.5% when operating in frequency maintaining state.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low power clock recovery circuit for passive HF RFID tag

Dai

Zhang

et al. 2009

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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“…There are few data published on the pulsewidths necessary for tripolar cuff electrodes to stimulate the human common peroneal nerve. The pulse-widths chosen above are equal to those used by HAUGLAND et al (2000) and GUDNASON et al (1999) for the same type of electrode. MCNEAL et al (1989) conducted a trial with chronically implanted tripolar nerve cuff electrodes, on the tibial nerve in cats; he reported little change in the recruitment curves for pulse durations greater than 200 gs.…”

Section: System Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified implanted drop foot stimulator system with graphical user interface for customised stimulation pulse-width profiles

O’Halloran

Haugland

Lyons

et al. 2003

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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A modified implanted drop foot stimulator that allows cyclic modulation of the stimulation pulse-width during gait has been developed. Stimulation was on two channels of a four-channel 12 polar cuff electrode. The stimulator allowed modulation of stimulation pulse-width, between 0 and 255 micros, on both channels throughout the swing and stance phases of gait. Stimulation was applied between 17 and 40 Hz. The clinician can specify an infinite range of stimulation profiles on a desktop computer, using a user-friendly LabVIEW interface. The desktop program generated a stimulation profile table of 100 values, which was then downloaded to the drop foot stimulator. As each phase of gait imposed different biomechanical demands on the ankle dorsiflexor muscles, different stimulation intensities were desirable, throughout gait, to match these demands. Moreover, as the gait of each person with hemiplegia is unique, the biomechanical demands imposed throughout the gait cycle for each user of a drop foot stimulator are unique. This stimulator architecture allowed the clinician to, specify stimulation intensities individually, at each phase of the gait cycle for each drop foot stimulator user. The stimulator was evaluated on a male hemiplegic subject. It was used to increase the stimulation pulse-width by 150% at 5% of gait cycle prior to heel strike. The system performed well, with the ankle angle at heel strike increasing by 5 degrees owing to this increased pulse-width.

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“…Our involvement in this research is to develop implantable devices which will minimise the risk of infections by ensuring skin continuity [ 5 ] . In that way a bidirectional inductive link transmits power, control signals and feedback betw een the external control unit and the damaged nerve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An implantable CMOS signal conditioning system for recording nerve signals with cuff electrodes

Papathanasiou

Ehmann²

2000 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Emerging Technologies for the 21st Century. Proceedings (IEEE Cat No

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An implantable mixed analog/digital neural stimulator circuit

Cited by 23 publications

References 7 publications

Low power clock recovery circuit for passive HF RFID tag

Low power clock recovery circuit for passive HF RFID tag

Modified implanted drop foot stimulator system with graphical user interface for customised stimulation pulse-width profiles

An implantable CMOS signal conditioning system for recording nerve signals with cuff electrodes

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