An improperly positioned menstrual cup complicated by hydronephrosis: A case report

Stolz, Alexandre; Meuwly, Jean‐Yves; Roussel, A.; Paulin, Emilie

doi:10.1016/j.crwh.2019.e00108

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…One case-report 68 suggested use of a menstrual cup might have been associated with the development of endometriosis; 68 however, this hypothesis was not considered plausible by the regulatory authority and we did not identify any further reports on this possible association. We found three case reports60, 61, 62 of hydronephrosis and one 14 of incontinence when using the menstrual cup; however, symptoms disappeared after menstrual cup removal (table 2). 14, 60, 61 Other uses of menstrual cups—eg, as a contraceptive or temporary fistula control—are in the appendix (p 9)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Of 436 unique records identified (appendix p 6), 59 were identified as relevant (figure 1), and 43 studies were included in our analysis (table 1). In these 43 studies, 3319 participants used or were asked about the menstrual cup 5, 13, 14, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73. Seven studies were completed among schoolgirls (ie, aged 12–19 years) in low-income and middle-income countries (647 [19·5%] participants) 5, 27, 33, 43, 58, 59.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Menstrual cup use, leakage, acceptability, safety, and availability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Eijk

Zulaika

Lenchner

et al. 2019

The Lancet Public Health

167

128

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Summary Background Girls and women need effective, safe, and affordable menstrual products. Single-use products are regularly selected by agencies for resource-poor settings; the menstrual cup is a less known alternative. We reviewed international studies on menstrual cup leakage, acceptability, and safety and explored menstrual cup availability to inform programmes. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Popline, Cinahl, Global Health database, Emerald, Google Scholar, Science.gov , and WorldWideScience from database inception to May 14, 2019, for quantitative or qualitative studies published in English on experiences and leakage associated with menstrual cups, and adverse event reports. We also screened the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database from the US Food and Drug Administration for events related to menstrual cups. To be eligible for inclusion, the material needed to have information on leakage, acceptability, or safety of menstrual cups. The main outcome of interest was menstrual blood leakage when using a menstrual cup. Safety outcomes of interest included serious adverse events; vaginal abrasions and effects on vaginal microflora; effects on the reproductive, digestive, or urinary tract; and safety in poor sanitary conditions. Findings were tabulated or combined by use of forest plots (random-effects meta-analysis). We also did preliminary estimates on costs and environmental savings potentially associated with cups. This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42016047845. Findings Of 436 records identified, 43 studies were eligible for analysis (3319 participants). Most studies reported on vaginal cups (27 [63%] vaginal cups, five [12%] cervical cups, and 11 [25%] mixed types of cups or unknown) and 15 were from low-income and middle-income countries. 22 studies were included in qualitative or quantitative syntheses, of which only three were of moderate-to-high quality. Four studies made a direct comparison between menstrual cups and usual products for the main outcome of leakage and reported leakage was similar or lower for menstrual cups than for disposable pads or tampons (n=293). In all qualitative studies, the adoption of the menstrual cup required a familiarisation phase over several menstrual cycles and peer support improved uptake (two studies in developing countries). In 13 studies, 73% (pooled estimate: n=1144; 95% CI 59–84, I 2 =96%) of participants wished to continue use of the menstrual cup at study completion. Use of the menstrual cup showed no adverse effects on the vaginal flora (four studies, 507 women). We identified five women who reported severe pain or vaginal wounds, six reports of allergies or rashes, nine of urinary tract complaints (three with hydronephrosis), and five of toxic shock syndrome after use of the menstrual ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menstrual cup use, leakage, acceptability, safety, and availability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Eijk

Zulaika

Lenchner

et al. 2019

The Lancet Public Health

167

128

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“… 2 Rare cases of renal colic have been reported, caused by a menstrual cup blocking the urinary tract. 21 – 23 These could be attributed to menstrual cups being too large or firm and exerting pressure on the tissues surrounding the vagina. Similarly, a case of hydroureteronephrosis (blockage leading to kidney breakdown) was caused by ‘deeply inserted’ menstrual cup suctioning on the fornix (the recess from the protrusion of cervix).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between menstrual cups: first step to categorization and improved safety

Manley

Hunt

Santos

et al. 2021

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Objectives: Menstrual cups come in a range of shapes, sizes, and firmnesses, but unlike tampons are not categorized in any way. With these factors having an impact on product leaks and comfort, as well as being linked to illness and injury, women need the same level of transparency when purchasing a menstrual cup. The comparison of physical and mechanical properties of menstrual cups will be the first step to achieve this. Methods: In October 2020, 14 popular and highly rated menstrual cups underwent quantitative comparison in laboratory settings (the United Kingdom), and they were compared in terms of their dimensions, volume, and compressive strength (firmness) using the Instron Universal Testing System. The overall designs were compared including shape, material, and features. Results: Although all the products in this comparison were marketed to women below 30 years of age having never given birth, total volume varied from 18.88 mL to 38.14 mL, and compressive load to compress the menstrual cup 50% (±0.5%) maximum diameter varied from 3.39 N to 13.92 N. Conclusions: Women are not sufficiently informed when choosing a menstrual cup. With no correlation between menstrual cup size, shape, and its volume, or material, shape, and its firmness, consumers cannot estimate which menstrual cup might be most suitable, and incorrect choice could cause injury. Transparency is needed across menstrual cup brands. With this and further regulation, women will make an informed decision to choose the correct menstrual cup and minimize injury. This work recommends firmness categories, ranging from ‘very soft’ to ‘very firm’ as a first step.

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“…We reviewed the literature and we found only two similar cases described 1 , 2 . In these two cases, MC removal was the management which permit vanishing of pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal colic with ureterohydronephrosis due to menstrual cup

Athiel

Benoit

Pencolé

2020

Urology Case Reports

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An improperly positioned menstrual cup complicated by hydronephrosis: A case report

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Menstrual cup use, leakage, acceptability, safety, and availability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Menstrual cup use, leakage, acceptability, safety, and availability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Comparison between menstrual cups: first step to categorization and improved safety

Renal colic with ureterohydronephrosis due to menstrual cup

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