An improved arbitrated quantum signature protocol based on the key-controlled chained CNOT encryption

Zhang, Long; Sun, Hong-Wei; Zhang, Kejia; Jia, Heng-Yue

doi:10.1007/s11128-017-1531-0

Cited by 48 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Here we present an instance for showing the application of arbitrated signature for a secure payment in our real life. This example can also be found in [15] and this kind of applications has been mentioned in many AQS schemes [15,22,23,26,54]. We denote Alice, Bob and banker as buyer, seller and arbitrator, respectively.…”

Section: Further Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In view of this, in 2015 Li and Shi [22] substituted the chained CNOT operations encryption for the QOTP encryption and suggested the corresponding AQS protocol, in which the encrypted qubits are related to the associated message qubit and key bit and the (other) positions of the message and the key. In 2017, Zhang et al [23] put forward an AQS algorithm with the key-controlled chained CNOT (KCCC) operations derived from the chained CNOT operations, which can deter against the participants' forgery and disavowal attacks. In 2019, Chen et al [24] discovered a kind of C-SWAP attack in QOTP-based AQS schemes and brought forward an AQS scheme using the improved QOTP by adding an extra diffusion step to change the encryption manner of qubit by qubit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Arbitrated quantum signature protocol with boson sampling-based random unitary encryption

Feng¹,

Shi²,

Shi³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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For signing quantum messages, the arbitrated quantum signature (AQS) has been widely investigated to date. However, most of the existing AQS protocols are susceptible to different aspects of disavowal and forgery attacks due to the use of quantum one time pad (QOTP) encryption featuring the encryption manner with qubit by qubit and the commutative property of Pauli operations. We develop an AQS protocol with boson sampling-based random unitary encryption. The unique encryption is used to encrypt the message copy (ciphertext) to produce the signature, which can circumvent the drawbacks of the QOTP encryption and stand against the signer Alice's disavowal and the verifier Bob's forgery attacks including existential forgery under known message attacks. The employment of a random array via the public board can prevent Bob's repudiation attacks on the receipt and the integrality of the signature. The quantum walk-based teleportation is applied to teleport the message copy from Alice to Bob, which can avoid preparing the essential entanglement resource beforehand. Security analyses and discussions show that our AQS protocol is with impossibility of disavowal from Alice and Bob and impossibility of forgery from anyone.

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Section: Further Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbitrated quantum signature protocol with boson sampling-based random unitary encryption

Feng¹,

Shi²,

Shi³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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show abstract

“…To improve the efficiency of quantum bit to 100%, Yang [ 21 ] proposed an AQS scheme with the cluster state in 2016. In 2017, in order to resist forgery attacks and disavowal attacks, Zhang et al [ 22 ] proposed a new quantum encryption based on the key-controlled chained CNOT operations (KCCC encryption), and through KCCC encryption, constructed an improved arbitrated quantum signature protocol. In 2016, Yang et al [ 23 ] also proposed a theoretically extensible quantum digital signature with a star-like cluster state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Verifiable Arbitrated Quantum Signature Scheme Based on Controlled Quantum Teleportation

et al. 2022

Entropy

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In this paper, we present a verifiable arbitrated quantum signature scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation. The five-qubit entangled state functions as a quantum channel. The proposed scheme uses mutually unbiased bases particles as decoy particles and performs unitary operations on these decoy particles, applying the functional values of symmetric bivariate polynomial. As such, eavesdropping detection and identity authentication can both be executed. The security analysis shows that our scheme can neither be disavowed by the signatory nor denied by the verifier, and it cannot be forged by any malicious attacker.

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“…In 2002, Zeng and Keitel [ 12 ] proposed the first arbitrated quantum signature protocol based on the Green–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state. Since then, various quantum signature protocols have been proposed, for example, arbitrated quantum signature [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], quantum blind signature [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], quantum proxy signature [ 27 , 28 ], and quantum group signature [ 29 ]. Inspired by the above quantum signature schemes [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], Zhao et al [ 30 ] proposed a signature scheme based on the concept of “bi-signature.” In Zhao et al’s quantum bi-signature protocol, two participants sign their signatures on the same message.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aforementioned quantum signature schemes [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] all require the assumption that all participants in the protocol are quantum-capable, i.e., they must have devices such as photonic generators, quantum memory, and photonic measurement devices. In the absence of these devices, quantum signature protocols [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] cannot be executed. However, quantum devices are not widely available, and not all participants have access to such devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptanalysis of a Semi-Quantum Bi-Signature Scheme Based on W States

Yang

Lin

Tsai

et al. 2022

Entropy

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Recently, Zhao et al. proposed a semi-quantum bi-signature (SQBS) scheme based on W states with two quantum signers and just one classical verifier. In this study, we highlight three security issues with Zhao et al.’s SQBS scheme. In Zhao et al.’s SQBS protocol, an insider attacker can perform an impersonation attack in the verification phase and an impersonation attack in the signature phase to capture the private key. In addition, an eavesdropper can perform a man-in-the-middle attack to obtain all of the signer’s secret information. All of the above three attacks can pass the eavesdropping check. Without considering these security issues, the SQBS protocol could fail to ensure the signer’s secret information.

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An improved arbitrated quantum signature protocol based on the key-controlled chained CNOT encryption

Cited by 48 publications

References 48 publications

Arbitrated quantum signature protocol with boson sampling-based random unitary encryption

Arbitrated quantum signature protocol with boson sampling-based random unitary encryption

A Verifiable Arbitrated Quantum Signature Scheme Based on Controlled Quantum Teleportation

Cryptanalysis of a Semi-Quantum Bi-Signature Scheme Based on W States

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