“…After the fault diagnosis process determines that the sensor signal problem has occurred, reconfiguration is triggered to use the proper estimated signals supplied to the FO control loop instead of the measurement signals. All appropriate sensorless techniques can be applied to provide an estimated signal for the IMD FO control method, such as neural network [23], MRAS [24], [25], and sliding mode observer (SMO) [26], for the estimated speed, or direct estimators [27], [28], Luenberger observer [29], [30], for virtual currents.…”