An improved model for metal-hydrogen storage tanks – Part 1: Model development

Mohammadshahi, Shahrzad S.; Gould, Tim; Gray, Evan; Webb, C. J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.050

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…These systems are compared to a spiral foil of the composite system using only natural convection at room temperature at the outer tank wall. This is the significant difference of the heat management systems proposed here compared to other studies; so far mainly internal heat exchanger with a forced heat transport medium have been analyzed Anton, 2009a, 2009b;Mohammadshahi et al, 2016aMohammadshahi et al, , 2016bSingh et al, 2017;Zeaiter et al, 2015). Beside this the material which is considered here is unique and was firstly discussed in (Cao et al, 2018); thus this is the first analysis of the heat management of a polymer metal hydride combination.…”

Section: Heating Jacketmentioning

confidence: 97%

Temperature distribution in a new composite material for hydrogen storage – Design study of different cooling concepts

Baetcke¹,

Kaltschmitt²

2019

Proceedings of the 13th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference 2019 (IRES 2019)

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A newly developed composite material has been explored based on metal hydrides in combination with polymers enriched with highly porous carbon. As metal hydride, a RHC (reactive hydride composite) was chosen (e.g., MgH2 + 2 LiBH4). The hydride is infiltrated into the pores of the porous carbon suppressing the long-range phase separation of the two different hydrides by nano-confinement. The aim is to maintain fast kinetics and achieve cycle stability of the RHC (reactive hydride composite). The combination of RHC and porous carbon is then integrated into a polymer film to allow an easy and safe handling of the material. To produce a storage system out of such a film, the thin material is rolled in the same style like a rolled membrane module; i.e., it is rolled together with a thin spacer (e.g., steel mesh) allowing an easy hydrogen access to all parts of the membrane. The last step is the implementation of the rolled storage module into the tank shell. To analyze different design concepts and the behavior of this newly developed composite storage material, extensive FEM-simulations have been realized for different cooling structures. The latter is necessary to fulfil the thermodynamic requirements and to maximize the speed of hydrogen storage. Therefore, the temperature development within the storage during hydrogen feeding are investigated. Beside this, the hydrogen flow as well as the kinetics of the chemical reaction are analyzed. Based on such extensive simulations of different design concepts, the most promising overall storage systems are developed and systematically optimized. Finally, the total hydrogen content of the overall storage system is calculated and compared between different design concepts. Based on this, conclusions are drawn about robust criteria how to construct a cooling and heating device for this new storage material.

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Section: Heating Jacketmentioning

confidence: 97%

Temperature distribution in a new composite material for hydrogen storage – Design study of different cooling concepts

Baetcke¹,

Kaltschmitt²

2019

Proceedings of the 13th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference 2019 (IRES 2019)

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“…The combination of Brinkman equation and continuity equation can be expressed as: (11) Where k is permeability(IS unit: m 2 ), ε is porosity.…”

Section: Momentum Conservation Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, carbon deposition in the reforming process is also a huge difficulty for hydrogen production from hydrocarbon fuel [7][8][9]. Secondly, both metal hydrogen storage and liquid organic hydrogen storage have lower hydrogen storage densities at present, and liquid organics produce harmful by-products in the process of hydrogen release [10][11][12][13][14]. Liquid ammonia is an ideal hydrogen carrier with prominent advantages such as high hydrogen storage density, easy transportation, low market price, and no carbon-containing gas in its decomposition products [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and simulation study of PEMFC based on ammonia decomposition gas as fuel

Zhao

Liang

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol

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Compared with hydrogen, ammonia has the advantages of high gravimetric hydrogen densities (17.8 wt.%), ease of storage and transportation as a chemical hydrogen storage medium, while its application in small-scale on-site hydrogen production scenarios is limited by the need for complex separation equipment during high purity hydrogen production. Therefore, the study of PEMFC, which can directly utilize ammonia decomposition gas, can greatly expand the application of fuel cells. In this paper, the output characteristics, fuel efficiency and the variation trend of hydrogen concentration and local current density in the anode channel of fuel cell with the output voltage of PEMFC fueled by ammonia decomposition gas were studied by experiment and simulation. The results indicate that the maximum output power of the hybrid fuel decreases by 9.6% compared with that of the pure hydrogen fuel at the same inlet hydrogen equivalent. When the molar concentration of hydrogen in the anode channel is less than 0.12, the output characteristics of PEMFC will be seriously affected. Employing ammonia decomposition gas as fuel, the efficiency corresponding to the maximum output power of PEMFC is approximately 47%, which is 10% lower than the maximum efficiency of pure hydrogen.

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“…However, although some of these materials exhibit high capacities, there are practical drawbacks, such as high enthalpies of the formation that subsequently require temperatures over 300 °C [e.g., MgNH 4 and Na + (BH 4 ) − ], poor kinetics for the release of hydrogen (e.g., MgH 2 ), and irreversible dehydrogenation or rehydrogenation reactions (e.g., LiAlH 4 ). , A success story in energy storage has been the development of nickel–metal hydride batteries, demonstrating that it is feasible to store large amounts of hydrogen in intermetallic alloys (archetype LaNi 5 ) providing high intrinsic kinetics and relatively low enthalpies. However, it is worth noting that even this enthalpy constrains the size of the system or requires extensive heat management. − In addition, effective intermetallic alloys are heavy, limiting their application to stationary systems …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postsynthetic Modification of a Network Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity and Its Hydrogen Adsorption Properties

Ramimoghadam¹,

Naheed²,

Boyd³

et al. 2019

J. Phys. Chem. C

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An intrinsically microporous high surface area (772 m 2 g −1 ) hexaazatrinaphthylene-based network polymer has been synthesized. Additionally, the material was postmodified via the introduction of palladium ions to determine the effect of metalation on the properties of the assembly. Both the unmodified as-synthesized and metal-modified polymers were characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state 13 C cross-polarization-magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, Brunauer−Emmett−Teller surface area analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering, and thermogravimetric analysis techniques. The hydrogen uptake capacities of these materials were determined for a wide range of pressures up to 2000 bar. The palladium functionalization changed the intermolecular chain distances in the polymer, enhanced the microporosity, and increased the hydrogen uptake at ambient temperature.

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An improved model for metal-hydrogen storage tanks – Part 1: Model development

Cited by 30 publications

References 50 publications

Temperature distribution in a new composite material for hydrogen storage – Design study of different cooling concepts

Temperature distribution in a new composite material for hydrogen storage – Design study of different cooling concepts

Experimental and simulation study of PEMFC based on ammonia decomposition gas as fuel

Postsynthetic Modification of a Network Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity and Its Hydrogen Adsorption Properties

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