An improved PSO-based charging strategy of electric vehicles in electrical distribution grid

Yang, Jun; He, Lei; Fu, Shuangshuang

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.047

Cited by 198 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The authors in [17] formulate the charging problem as an open-loop cost minimizing problem and an open-loop profit maximizing one. In [18] an event-triggered scheduling scheme for V2G operation is proposed that runs every time an EV connects or disconnects and in [19] an improved version of particle swarm optimization is used for optimal charging. Most of these approaches use a finite-horizon approach: this means that computational complexity is a crucial aspect, since the open-loop optimization routine has to run continuously, usually in a receding-horizon fashion.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Asymptotic Tracking Control of Uncertain Time-Driven Switched Linear Systems

Yuan

Schutter

2017

IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr.

123

107

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Abstract-Managing grid-connected charging stations for fleets of electric-vehicles leads to an optimal control problem where user preferences must be met with minimum energy costs (e.g. by exploiting lower electricity prices through the day, renewable energy production, stored energy of parked vehicles). Instead of state-of-the-art charging scheduling based on open-loop strategies that explicitly depend on initial operating conditions, this paper proposes an approximate dynamic programming feedback-based optimization method with continuous state space and action space, where the feedback action guarantees uniformity with respect to initial operating conditions, while price variations in the electricity and available solar energy are handled automatically in the optimization. The resulting control action is a multi-modal feedback which is shown to handle a wide range of operating regimes, via a set of controllers whose action that can be activated or deactivated depending on availability of solar energy and pricing model. Extensive simulations via a charging test case demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.

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Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Asymptotic Tracking Control of Uncertain Time-Driven Switched Linear Systems

Yuan

Schutter

2017

IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr.

123

107

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“…Equation (20) sets up the quadratic object function to optimize the coordinated control between EVs and DG with corresponding constraints listed in Equation (19). Optimization results shown in the following sections illustrate that the results of control are consistent with practical operating situations in real power grid.…”

Section: P T T P T P T T P T I T P T P T T Imentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Details of the equivalent EV model including battery and charger based on the charging and discharging characteristics can be found in literature [19]. Figure 3 from [16] shows the model and how it can be used for load frequency control.…”

Section: The Electric Vehicle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Load Frequency Control in Isolated Micro-Grids with Electrical Vehicles Based on Multivariable Generalized Predictive Theory

et al. 2015

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Abstract:In power systems, although the inertia energy in power sources can partly cover power unbalances caused by load disturbance or renewable energy fluctuation, it is still hard to maintain the frequency deviation within acceptable ranges. However, with the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technique, electric vehicles (EVs) can act as mobile energy storage units, which could be a solution for load frequency control (LFC) in an isolated grid. In this paper, a LFC model of an isolated micro-grid with EVs, distributed generations and their constraints is developed. In addition, a controller based on multivariable generalized predictive control (MGPC) theory is proposed for LFC in the isolated micro-grid, where EVs and diesel generator (DG) are coordinated to achieve a satisfied performance on load frequency. A benchmark isolated micro-grid with EVs, DG, and wind farm is modeled in the Matlab/Simulink environment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results demonstrate that with MGPC, the energy stored in EVs can be managed intelligently according to LFC requirement. This improves the system frequency stability with complex operation situations including the random renewable energy resource and the continuous load disturbances. OPEN ACCESS

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“…where ( ) U L i k R   is the carbon emission flow rate contribution from generator k to load i and Gk E is the carbon emission intensity of generator k. The OPF model is a non-convex problem [41] that can be solved by the heuristic and probabilistic search methods (genetic algorithms). The heuristic and probabilistic search methods [42] can overcome the limitations of non-convex and discrete control variables, and they have advantages such as simplicity, easier implementation, fewer parameters, and faster convergence.…”

Section: Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Power System Optimal Dispatch Strategy Considering the Flow of Carbon Emissions and Large Consumers

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The carbon emissions trading market and direct power purchases by large consumers are two promising directions of power system development. To trace the carbon emission flow in the power grid, the theory of carbon emission flow is improved by allocating power loss to the load side. Based on the improved carbon emission flow theory, an optimal dispatch model is proposed to optimize the cost of both large consumers and the power grid, which will benefit from the carbon emissions trading market. Moreover, to better simulate reality, the direct purchase of power by large consumers is also considered in this paper. The OPF (optimal power flow) method is applied to solve the problem. To evaluate our proposed optimal dispatch strategy, an IEEE 30-bus system is used to test the performance. The effects of the price of carbon emissions and the price of electricity from normal generators and low-carbon generators with regards to the optimal dispatch are analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy can significantly reduce both the operation cost of the power grid and the power utilization cost of large consumers.

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An improved PSO-based charging strategy of electric vehicles in electrical distribution grid

Cited by 198 publications

References 37 publications

Adaptive Asymptotic Tracking Control of Uncertain Time-Driven Switched Linear Systems

Adaptive Asymptotic Tracking Control of Uncertain Time-Driven Switched Linear Systems

Load Frequency Control in Isolated Micro-Grids with Electrical Vehicles Based on Multivariable Generalized Predictive Theory

A Power System Optimal Dispatch Strategy Considering the Flow of Carbon Emissions and Large Consumers

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