An Improved Threshold-Sensitive Stable Election Routing Energy Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Zhao, Liquan; Tang, Qingya

doi:10.3390/info10040125

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The next research paper focusing on energy-based threshold sensitive cluster head election protocol is a method called improved threshold-sensitive stable election protocol (ITSEP) as described by Zhao. This protocol enhances the threshold formula by taking into consideration the node distance from the base station, the number of its neighbor nodes, nodes remaining residual energy and the nodes-to-nodes average distance [ 26 ].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network

Nurlan

Zhukabayeva

Othman

2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are networks of thousands of nodes installed in a defined physical environment to sense and monitor its state condition. The viability of such a network is directly dependent and limited by the power of batteries supplying the nodes of these networks, which represents a disadvantage of such a network. To improve and extend the life of WSNs, scientists around the world regularly develop various routing protocols that minimize and optimize the energy consumption of sensor network nodes. This article, introduces a new heterogeneous-aware routing protocol well known as Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network or EZ-SEP, where the connection of nodes to a base station (BS) is done via a hybrid method, i.e., a certain amount of nodes communicate with the base station directly, while the remaining ones form a cluster to transfer data. Parameters of the field are unknown, and the field is partitioned into zones depending on the node energy. We reviewed the Z-SEP protocol concerning the election of the cluster head (CH) and its communication with BS and presented a novel extended mechanism for the selection of the CH based on remaining residual energy. In addition, EZ-SEP is weighted up using various estimation schemes such as base station repositioning, altering the field density, and variable nodes energy for comparison with the previous parent algorithm. EZ-SEP was executed and compared to routing protocols such as Z-SEP, SEP, and LEACH. The proposed algorithm performed using the MATLAB R2016b simulator. Simulation results show that our proposed extended version performs better than Z-SEP in the stability period due to an increase in the number of active nodes by 48%, in efficiency of network by the high packet delivery coefficient by 16% and optimizes the average power consumption compared to by 34.

show abstract

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network

Nurlan

Zhukabayeva

Othman

2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This section shows an evaluation of the EEUCR with other routing algorithms like LEACH [4], EASSR [21], SEP [12], ITSEP [16]. Table-II shows the values of first node dead (FND) and last node dead (LND) of all the protocols.…”

Section: Bcomparison Of the Eeucr With Algorithms As Per Scenario1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parameters used to select the CH are residual energy of the sensor nodes, distance of CH from the sink and the number of their neighbors. Zhao et al [16] illustrated a mechanism to manage the number of CH in the area where nodes are densely deployed. This algorithm improves the formula to find threshold by considering the distance between node and BS, the no.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although many protocols proposed in literature try to use the energy of the network efficiently. Many researchers work to improve energy consumption among the nodes using unequal clustering [5][6][7][8][9][10] or deploying heterogeneous nodes [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] in the sensor field. Still, there is a requirement of some improved methods that can solve the problem in a better way.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering Routing Algorithm for WSNs

handa*¹,

Panag²,

Sohi³

2019

IJRTE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) are used to monitor the environment where the networks are deployed. The Lifetime of WSNs can be increased by energy-efficient or energy balancing algorithms. Balanced energy consumption among all nodes is the main issue. In this paper, a new energy-efficient unequal clustering routing protocol (EEUCR) has been presented. In this protocol, the area of the network is divided into the number of rings of unequal size and each ring is further divided into a number of clusters. Rings nearer to the base station(BS) have a smaller area and the area of rings keeps on increasing as the distance from BS increases. This helps to balance the energy consumption among the sensor nodes. The nodes with heterogeneous energy are deployed in the network. Nodes nearer to the base station have higher energy as compared to farther nodes. Static clustering is used but cluster heads(CHs) are not fixed and are elected on the basis of the remaining energy of the sensor node. Simulation results are compared with existing protocols and show improvement in energy consumption, which, in turn, increases the network lifetime of WSN and also balance the energy consumption of sensor node

show abstract

“…If the residual energy of each sensor is more balanced, the service efficiency will be higher. For non-periodic charging strategies, an on-demand charging strategy is more appropriate for contemporary WRSNs [15,16]. Once a sensor node's residual energy is below the threshold, it will send a charging request to the sink which commands the mobile chargers to move to the sensor node by calculating the reasonable charging path.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New on-Demand Recharging Strategy Based on Cycle-Limitation in a WRSN

Wang

Dong

et al. 2019

Symmetry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs) have been attracting increasing attention and seen rapid development. However, in previous studies, pioneering work on charging issues and data gathering strategies are always discussed separately. In this paper, we aimed to develop a strategy which can guarantee a short data acquisition cycle and high charging efficiency. We used a new Combined Recharging and Collecting Data Model (CRCM) to set-up a WRSN. In this network, mobile chargers were used to separately collected data and charge sensor nodes. A K-means algorithm was used to group sensor nodes into different clusters, from which mobile chargers collected data from sensor nodes in the center of these clusters. The Nearest-Job-Next with Preemption (NJNP) algorithm was used to determine the charging route. The data acquisition cycle was first discussed in this model in order to ensure all data from the sensor nodes could be gathered within a certain time period. Additionally, the Periodically Restricted Dynamic Mobile Chargers (PRDMCs) algorithm was proposed to determine the number of mobile chargers. Lastly, we used the normal CRCM for comparison with our new CRCM, and the results showed that the new CRCM can effectively safeguard the data acquisition cycle without requiring the addition of more mobile chargers.

show abstract

An Improved Threshold-Sensitive Stable Election Routing Energy Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network

EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network

Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering Routing Algorithm for WSNs

A New on-Demand Recharging Strategy Based on Cycle-Limitation in a WRSN

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About