An in vitro assay of collagen fiber alignment by acupuncture needle rotation

Julias, Margaret; Edgar, Lowell T.; Buettner, Helen M.; Shreiber, David I.

doi:10.1186/1475-925x-7-19

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The research group led by Langevin believes that the acupuncture effect may be explained as that the manipulation of lifting, thrusting, and twisting the needle inserted into the acupoint causes the nearby collagen fibers to be twisted and wound, by way of which the mechanical force signals pass on to the connective tissue cells and even spread further [9, 19–21]. As observed by Julias et al [22], the manipulation of twisting the needle led to different extents of parallelism of the collagen fiber bundles. It is believed that the force signals pass on to the connective tissue cells via the deformation of the collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Acupoint Area Collagen Fibers in Anti‐Inflammation of Acupuncture Lifting and Thrusting Manipulation

Fan

Cui

Kuai

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The role of the acupoint area collagen fibers in the efficacy of acupuncture lifting and thrusting (L&T) manipulation will be explored in this paper. 30 male NZW rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham operation group (Group N), model group (Group M), acupuncture without manipulation group (Group W), acupuncture L&T manipulation group (Group A), collagenase pretreatment group (Group JM), and collagenase pretreatment + acupuncture L&T manipulation group (Group JA). The bacterial endotoxin was used to generate the rabbit fever models. Acupuncture was applied at IL-11. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-4 and the rectal temperature were measured at 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after modeling and the collagen fiber morphology at acupoint area was observed after 6 hours. Results. As compared with Group N, the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in Group M were significantly higher; the level of IL-4 was significantly lower (P < 0.05). As compared with Group M, IL-1β and TNF-α in Groups W and A were significantly lower and IL-4 was significantly higher (P < 0.05). As compared with Group W, IL-1β and TNF-α in Group A were lower and IL-4 was higher (P < 0.05). The collagen fiber in Group A was slightly rough, distorted, and fractured. As shown in studies, the endotoxin-induced inflammatory response can be significantly inhibited by acupuncture whose efficacy can also be significantly improved by the manipulations. Collagenase pretreatment may be the first receptor to the mechanical force of the L&T manipulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Acupoint Area Collagen Fibers in Anti‐Inflammation of Acupuncture Lifting and Thrusting Manipulation

Fan

Cui

Kuai

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Figure 7 shows the relationship between dissipation factor and frequency. It showed that Q −1 (dots in Figure 7) decreases quickly under low frequency (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) and tends to be a steady value under high frequency. The calculating results were fitting by an exponential form function Q −1 = e −0.3ω + 0.0012 (black line in Figure 7).…”

Section: Angle Displacement Amplitude (U) Distributionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1 They further found fibroblast cytoskeletal remodeling induced by acupuncture. 6,7 Afterwards, Julias et al designed an in vitro quantitative setting; they verified that the mechanostructural properties of soft connective tissues may affect their response to acupuncture therapy 8 and the anatomy at acupoints provides unique boundaries that accentuate the mechanical response to needle manipulation. 9 The absence of scientific background of acupuncture mechanisms has motivated mathematicians to carry out modeling and numerical simulation of the acupuncture process from both macroscopic and microscopic aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid method to study the mechanical information induced by needle rotating

Yao

Ding

2018

Math Methods in App Sciences

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Acupuncture has been used in China for more than 2000 years; its curative effect is acknowledged wildly in the world, but the underlying mechanisms are not revealed. The study focuses on mechanical effect of manual acupuncture. In this paper, a mathematical model based on viscoelastic theory and quasilinear viscoelastic theory of soft tissue is constructed; a hybrid method was used to study the tissue displacement and energy dissipation induced by needle rotation. It shows that (1) needle rotation will induce the extracellular matrix deformation and generate a mechanical stress field in the interstitium,(2) the deformation depends on rotation frequency and is mainly restrained in the vicinity of the needle, and (3) energy dissipation is affected by rotation frequency and very sensitive at low frequency. These results are consistent with experimental observations, and may help to explain some acupuncture theories and phenomena. Furthermore, this work not only contributes to reveal the mechanical effect of acupuncture (needle rotation) by modern scientific methods but also provides a hybrid method to study the strain and stress deriving from mechanical stimuli of connective tissue. KEYWORDSacupuncture needle rotation, computational methods, coupling of solid mechanics with other effects, hybrid method, quasilinear viscoelasticity theory, tissue displacement

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“…In 2008, research showed that collagen gels have tearing after significant rotations. 15 The exact number of rotations necessary for tearing is dependent on gel density, the existence of cross-linkage, and the depth of the needle. The researchers found that gels filled with thicker densities of collagen failed at fewer revolutions than thinner gels.…”

Section: The Impact Of Needle Manipulation On Tissue Graspmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Reorganization Plays a Vital Role in Acupuncture Analgesia

Liddle

Harris

2018

Medical Acupuncture

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Background: Acupuncture has a long history of relieving many forms of pain. However, many of acupuncture's mechanisms are still unknown and/or misunderstood. Objective: This review looks at past research on many different methods and targets of study related to acupuncture. The main focus is upon the importance of connective-tissue planes in and around acupuncture points. Method: Relevant articles from journals as well as books on the topic were searched manually for information related to the topic. Results: Various studies offered different (and sometimes interrelated) mechanisms for how acupuncture needling results in analgesia among other effects. Emerging evidence, however, has shown the increasing importance of extracellular matrix rearrangements that result in lower mechanical stress states of surrounding tissues. This leads to lower constant stimulation of regional mechanoreceptors, in turn, reducing chronic pain and discomfort. Conclusions: The extracellular matrix has emerged as an important area of study on the effects of acupuncture needling.

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An in vitro assay of collagen fiber alignment by acupuncture needle rotation

Abstract: Background: During traditional acupuncture therapy, soft tissues attach to and wind around the acupuncture needle. To study this phenomenon in a controlled and quantitative setting, we performed acupuncture needling in vitro.

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Role of Acupoint Area Collagen Fibers in Anti‐Inflammation of Acupuncture Lifting and Thrusting Manipulation

Role of Acupoint Area Collagen Fibers in Anti‐Inflammation of Acupuncture Lifting and Thrusting Manipulation

A hybrid method to study the mechanical information induced by needle rotating

Cellular Reorganization Plays a Vital Role in Acupuncture Analgesia

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