An In Vitro Biomechanical Investigation of an Interlocking Nail for Fixation of Diaphyseal Tibial Fractures in Adult Horses

McDuffee, Laurie A.; Stover, Susan M.; Taylor, K T; Les, Clifford M.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-950x.1994.tb00476.x

Cited by 32 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The study of bone pairs in which one is a control relative to the other, is consistent with the views of other authors (McClure et al 1994, McClure et al 1994b, McDuffee et al 1994. The choice of which one of them was to be tested for compression and bending was random.…”

Section: Notes On Materials and Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

Biomechanical study in vitro on the use of self-designed external fixator in diaphyseal III metacarpal fractures in horses

Turek¹,

Potyński²,

Wajler³

et al. 2015

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Diaphyseal fractures of the III metacarpal bone represent 22% of all fractures of the long bones in horses. Treatment of such cases is difficult. The most popular solution used in these types of fractures is two plates applied directly to the bone surface, but they are not applicable on contaminated and infected fractures.External fixators are quite commonly used in human medicine, although in veterinary practice there is no typical stabilizer designed for the treatment of diaphyseal fractures of the III metacarpal bone so far. In this study, an external semicircular fixator of our own design was used and in vitro strength tests were conducted to determine the maximum force which would lead to the destruction of non-fractured bone and fractured bone treated with the stabilizer.On the basis of the strength tests, we can conclude that the stabilizer can be strong enough to allow the horse to stand up after surgery. It also has many favorable features which make it easy to assemble and to take care of a wound, while being safe enough for the animal at the same time.

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Section: Notes On Materials and Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

Biomechanical study in vitro on the use of self-designed external fixator in diaphyseal III metacarpal fractures in horses

Turek¹,

Potyński²,

Wajler³

et al. 2015

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…As said, torsion stiffness values for tibia reported by McDuffee et al (1994) can be directly compared to our results. They measured the torsional stiffness over the full length of 380 mm and found stiffness values of 84.15 N*m/°.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…This stiffness would be doubled (32.5/23.0)2 =1.99). So we get a value of 2*2.34 kN/mm=4.67 kN/mm for the tibia measured by McDuffee et al 1994. The value for bending stiffness from the study reported by the same author in 1997 are given in Nm/mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The mean value for the tibia for torsional stiffness can be compared to values found by McDuffee et al (McDuffee et al 1994 and1997), but for bending we cannot directly compare the values, because the bone orientation was not the same (medio-lateral versus craniocaudal) and the inter-support length was also different (23 cm instead of 32.5 cm). If we assume, by using classical beam theory, that the deformation is quadratically proportional to the inter-support length, we can estimate the bending stiffness over 23 cm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bending and torsional stiffness measurements of equine radii and tibiae

Suéry

Piskoty

Schmidlin

et al. 2014

PHK

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Summary: This study was a re-evaluation of static mechanical testing of equine long bones as part of a larger study on impact failure modes and strength of the same bones. Supplementary to other morphological and mechanical tests, static stiffness properties of these long bones were non-destructively determined. The goal was to quantify stiffness properties of the diaphysis of equine radii and tibiae in quasi-static bending as well as when loaded in torsion and to check for possible age and gender effects on these properties. Fifty-six equine bones (tibiae and radii) from fifteen horses were first tested in a torsion machine and subsequently fifty-five of them investigated using a 3-point-bending test-setup. A maximum torque of 150 N*m and a maximum bending moment of 920 N*m were applied in steps. Loading and unloading was performed in order to check for hysteresis effects. The outcome for both type of bones (tibiae and radii) was described statistically in relation to age (young, middle aged, and old) and gender (geldings and mares). Additional information on the side (left and right), breed and use of the horse (competition versus 'other', such as pleasure) was excluded from statistical modelling after preliminary analysis. While the loading-unloading cycles in bending showed some hysteresis due to localized deformation, the unloading curve followed the loading curve in torsional loading. Bending stiffness of tibiae is on average 6'813 N/mm and of radii 6'130 N/mm. Torsional stiffness of tibiae is 2.36*10 6 N*m(rad/mm), and of radii 1.90*10 6 N*m(rad/mm). Tibiae were clearly stiffer than radii. A trend of higher bone stiffness for geldings compared with mares and for younger horses could be found, although not statistically significant.Keywords: bones / horses / bending / torsion / stiffness / orthopedics Citation: Michel S., Piskoty G., Schmidlin A., Fürst A. (2014) Bending and torsional stiffness measurements of equine radii and tibiae. Pferdeheilkunde 30, 577-584Correspondence: Silvain Michel, Dipl. Ing. ETH, Mechanical Systems Engineering, Empa -Materials Science and Technology, Überland-strasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland, E-mail: silvain.michel@empa.chBending and torsional stiffness measurements of equine radii and tibiae S. Michel et al.

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“…Auch in den darauffolgenden Jahren wurden weitere Versuche gestartet, diese beim Menschen und Kleintier sehr populäre Frakturbehandlungstechnik beim Pferd einzuführen (Fitch et al 2001). Auch die Entwicklung der Verriegelungsmarknägel machte nicht Halt vor der versuchsweisen Anwendung beim Pferd , Watkins und Ashman 1991, McDuffee et al 1994, Herthel 1996, Radcliffe et al 2001, Galuppo et al 2002b) Von all den getesteten Implantaten, hat sich bis heute nur eines einigermaßen behauptet und wird noch eingesetzt. Es geht auf die Initiative von Jeff Watkins an der Texas A&M Universität zurück und kann erfolgreich bei jüngeren Pferden eingesetzt werden.…”

Section: Marknagelungunclassified

Advances in osteosynthesis in the horse

Auer¹

2016

PHK

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Zusammenfassung: Die Fortschritte in der Osteosynthese beim Pferd, die während den letzten 50 Jahren erzielt wurden, werden in verschiedenen Kapiteln erörtert und aufgeteilt in Schrauben-und Plattenfixationen. Bei den Letztern wird die Entwicklung der verschiedenen Systeme kurz beschrieben und deren Vor-bzw. Nachteile aufgelistet. Die Verriegelungsplatten und Schrauben sind heute die Produkte der Wahl bei der Plattenosteosynthese und es lohnt sich, die höheren Kosten zu investieren, denn die Erfolge mit diesen Implantaten sind deutlich besser. Dabei ist es nicht nötig, nur Verriegelungsschrauben zu verwenden, denn zwei Schrauben auf jeder Seite der Fraktur genügen in den meisten Fällen, um die Stabilität zu erreichen. Die restlichen Plattenlöcher können mit Kortexschrauben versehen werden, die deutlich preiswerter sind. Es wird auch auf den Einsatz der Externen Fixation, Transfixation und der Verriegelungsnägel kurz eingegangen. Die Prä-vention von Infektionen bei der Osteosynthese, die Computer-assistierte Chirurgie, der intraoperative Einsatz von Computertomographen, die minimalinvasive Frakturbehandlung, sowie die Frakturbehandlung am stehenden Pferd werden kurz besprochen. Ein kurzer Ausblick auf künftige Entwicklungen bildet den Abschluss.Schlüsselwörter: Fortschritte / Osteosynthese / Frakturen / Pferd / LCP / Orthopädie / Traumatologie Advances in osteosynthesis in the horseThe advances in osteosynthesis in horses that have been achieved during the last 50 years will be discussed in different chapters and divided into screw and plate fixations. In the latter the various systems, as they were developed are briefly described and their advantages and disadvantages listed. The locking plates and screws are now the implants of choice in the plate fixation, and it is worth to invest in the higher costs because these implants, if applied correctly, result in a better success rate. It is not necessary to use exclusively locking head screws along the plate; two screws on each side of the fracture are in most cases sufficient to achieve superior stability. The remaining plate holes can be filled with cortex screws, which are significantly more economical. The possibilities of fracture management with the help of external fixation, transfixation pins and the locking nails are briefly discussed. Prevention of infections in osteosynthesis, the use of computer-assisted surgery, the intraoperative use of computed tomography, minimally invasive osteosynthesis, and fracture management in the standing horse are mentioned. A brief outlook on future developments concludes this essay.

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An In Vitro Biomechanical Investigation of an Interlocking Nail for Fixation of Diaphyseal Tibial Fractures in Adult Horses

Cited by 32 publications

References 24 publications

Biomechanical study in vitro on the use of self-designed external fixator in diaphyseal III metacarpal fractures in horses

Biomechanical study in vitro on the use of self-designed external fixator in diaphyseal III metacarpal fractures in horses

Bending and torsional stiffness measurements of equine radii and tibiae

Advances in osteosynthesis in the horse

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