2015
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1250-6
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An In Vitro Evaluation of Emboli Trajectories Within a Three-Dimensional Physical Model of the Circle of Willis Under Cerebral Blood Flow Conditions

Abstract: In vitro simulations of the trajectory and lodgement locations of emboli within the circle of Willis (CoW) are crucial in understanding the associated hemodynamic effects in stroke patients. A clot was fabricated from the hemolymph of a crustacean species. Clots were injected into the internal carotid artery via a cerebral flow facility housing a manufactured CoW human model. The trajectory of the clot was tracked and its hemodynamic effects monitored. The clots traveled with an average velocity of 88 mm/s alo… Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Polyurethane 33 or a mixture of guar, borax and water 34 are used to fabricate clot analogues to test aspiration catheters. An in vitro study used crustacean haemolymph 35 to make clots. In an animal study, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer 36 was used to model an ultrahard clot to test the performance of the stent retriever.…”
Section: Clot Analogue Preparationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Polyurethane 33 or a mixture of guar, borax and water 34 are used to fabricate clot analogues to test aspiration catheters. An in vitro study used crustacean haemolymph 35 to make clots. In an animal study, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer 36 was used to model an ultrahard clot to test the performance of the stent retriever.…”
Section: Clot Analogue Preparationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similar equipment has been used in other in vitro studies to investigate cerebral blood flow in the circle of Willis 39 or to analyse clot trajectories. 35 Three-dimensional transparent silicone vascular replicas, which can realistically reproduce the morphology of cerebral blood vessels and have mechanical properties close to physiology, 38,40 are most widely used in in vitro experimental platforms. 10,21 Some studies have the complete circle of the Willis model, 21,41,42 while others studies only have the unilateral anterior circulation model.…”
Section: Experimental Platformsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…1217 Bushi et al 12 experimentally analysed trajectory paths of small particles in idealised bifurcation models. Fahy et al 14 and Chung et al 13 both analysed trajectory paths in Circle of Willis (CoW) models under healthy flow conditions. However previous work completed has shown the limitations of the embolus analogues (EAs) used by both Fahy and Chung are not comparable with human EAs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In vitro models of cerebral arteries enable new potential thrombolytic compound screenings, which can be further tested using in vivo animal models. In vitro flow models have been used to study thrombus-related events, mainly thrombolysis [11][12][13][14][15][16] or thrombus trajectories [17], over several decades. These in vitro arterial models were produced by various materials and techniques, from simple straight plastic tubes [18] to anatomically precise three-dimensional (3D) printed models obtained by the lost wax method [8,17].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%