An Inclusive Analysis of Determinants of International Migration. The Case of European Rich and Poor Countries

Abstract

This work aims to integrate defragmented migration perspectives in order to better understand and explain reasons of contemporaneous migration. Accordingly, international migration flows are explained with various socio-economic determinants which address different sources of migration, reinforced by the best-known theories and conceptual frameworks. A panel data analysis is performed at the level of rich and poor countries of the European Union to measure migration flows from the year 2000 until 2013. The results provide evidence indicating that there are some structural similarities and discrepancies between European rich and poor countries. These similarities (or discrepancies) make them responding similarly to certain economic conditions and changes. Thus, the association of earnings, inequalities (measured by the Gini Index) and poverty line could be positive or negative depending on wealth level of countries. Moreover, unemployment is a supply-push factor, but its importance is much higher in rich countries, diminishing in poorer countries. Economic freedom has a very strong positive effect on migration for all countries, but its relevance turned out to be the highest in the group of the poorest countries. Also, the association between Foreign Direct Investment and migration is negative, but it is more significant in the case of poorer countries.

Relations Between Income Inequality, Economic Growth and Poverty Threshold: New Evidences From Eu Countries Panels

“…Mihi-Ramírez, Kumpikaitė-Valiūnienė, and Cuenca-García (2017) appreciate that the association of incomes with inequalities (measured by the Gini index) and the poverty threshold could be positive or negative, depending on the level of wealth of countries.…”

A Comparison Analysis Between Pre-departure and Transitioned Expat-Preneurs

“…In this sense, Kumpikaitė-Valiūnienė and Žičkutė (2017) reviewed the decision-making theories of migration and highlighted the main push-pull factors (see Table 1). Economic or non-economic determinants can be attributed to "demand-pull" in the destination country, "supply-push" in the homeland, and network factors as the linkage between these two (Kumpikaitė-Valiūnienė and Žičkutė, 2017;Mihi-Ramirez et al, 2017). In conjunction with the SIE concept and the traditional migration theories, push and pull factors in the context of expatriation were applied.…”

The Impact of Eu Immigration on Economic Growth Through the Skill Composition Channel

“…The human capital and dual labour market theory can both explain the immigration phenomenon. Some authors (Blossfeld & Mayer, 1988;Mihi-Ramirez et al, 2017) explain that the existence of duality on the labour market has no educational reasons. The human capital theory reveals that a person will have a job responding to his education and qualification and the developed countries could confront with a dual labour market: a sector with high income, secure jobs and work conditions and a second sector with low security and income.…”