An Increased Risk of School-Aged Children with Viral Infection among Diarrhea Clusters in Taiwan during 2011–2019

Lin, Fu-Huang; Chou, Yu Ching; Chen, Bao-Chung; Lu, Jui-Cheng; Liu, Chung‐Jung; Hsieh, Chung‐Ching; Yu, Chia-Peng

doi:10.3390/children8090807

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Sustained reduction of more than 30% was achieved versus the prevalence in the prevaccine period (27.8%; 2004-2006). The significantly increased NoV infection rates have replaced rotavirus as the leading cause of child hospitalizations for gastroenteritis [27,28,65,66]. In 2021, a study by Ballard et al [67] in the US showed that NoV is well-recognized as the leading cause of pediatric gastroenteritis in settings with universal rotavirus vaccination.…”

Section: Viral Gastroenteritis In Taiwan: From Rotavirus To Norovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Unusual Complications of Norovirus Infection in Taiwan: What We Know after Rotavirus Vaccines

Lin

Hsu

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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Noroviruses (NoVs) are one of the emerging and rapidly spreading groups of pathogens threatening human health. A reduction in sporadic NoV infections was noted following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, but the return of NoV gastroenteritis during the COVID-19 pandemic has been noted recently. Research in recent years has shown that different virus strains are associated with different clinical characteristics; moreover, there is a paucity of research into extraintestinal or unusual complications that may be associated with NoV. The genomic diversity of circulating NoVs is also complex and may vary significantly. Therefore, this short narrative review focuses on sharing the Taiwan experience of NoV infection including epidemiology, clinical features, and complications following suboptimal rotavirus immunization in Taiwan (after October 2006). We also highlight the unusual complications associated with NoV infections and the impacts of NoV infection during the COVID-19 pandemic in the literature for possible future research directions. To conclude, further research is needed to quantify the burden of NoV across the spectrum of disease severity in Taiwan. The evidence of the connection between NoV and the unusual complications is still lacking.

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Section: Viral Gastroenteritis In Taiwan: From Rotavirus To Norovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Unusual Complications of Norovirus Infection in Taiwan: What We Know after Rotavirus Vaccines

Lin

Hsu

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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“…The authors are sure about the added value of this study that conforms with the public use of the government reports. [ 22 – 24 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors are sure about the added value of this study that conforms with the public use of the government reports. [22][23][24] 2.2. Definition of confirmed case and epidemiological survey [25] 2.2.1.…”

Section: Ethical Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and risk factors for notifiable Clostridium botulinum infections in Taiwan from 2003 to 2020

Chen

Huang

et al. 2022

Medicine

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Botulinum toxin is produced by Clostridium botulinum , a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium. This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics, including sex, age, season in which infection occurred, place of residence, and epidemiological trends, of confirmed botulism cases in Taiwan from 2003 to 2020. This study examined the annual summary data on reported botulism in Taiwan’ s Center for Disease Control from 2003 to 2020 available to the public on the internet. We found that there were 50 confirmed domestic cases of botulism. The incidence of botulism ranged from 0 to 0.48 per 1000,000 from 2003 to 2020 and peaked in 2008 and 2010. During the 18-year investigation period in which 6-year intervals were used, the study results showed a decreasing trend (2003–2008, 2009–14, and 2015–2020, had 22, 19, 9 cases each). In terms of patients’ gender, age, and place of residence, most of the patients were females (56%), were aged ≥ 50 years (48%), and resided in Taipei and northern Taiwan (44%). The number of botulism cases in Taiwan from 2012 to 2020 compared with other years (from 2003 to 2011) found that there were significant differences among patients within an age group of <20 years ( P = .003, odds ratio = 18.500, and 95% confidence interval = 3.287–104.111), and there were significant differences among patients whose place of residence was Taipei metropolitan area ( P = .025, odds ratio = 5.667, and 95% confidence interval = 1.248–25.734). During 2003 to 2009, there was no case of botulism among those aged <20 years. Over the last 10 years, botulism in children showed an increasing trend. A total of 9 children were found to have botulism during 2010 to 2020; most of these children were male (66.7%) and were infected during spring and summer (66.7%). This study is the first to report the number of confirmed domestic cases with botulism from surveillance data from Taiwan’s Center for Disease Control during 2003 to 2020. This study also found that the place of residence and age were associated with an increased risk of botulism in Taiwan. This information may be useful for policymakers and clinical experts to direct prevention- and control-based activities regarding botulism that result in the most severe illness and the greatest burden on Taiwanese.

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“…The data came from the Taiwan Centers for Disease and Control (TCDC), and it is public health surveillance rather than research that involved human subjects. Thus, institutional review board approval and informed consent were not required for these deidentified secondary data analyses [11][12][13].…”

Section: Ethical Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology of Entamoeba histolytica Infection and Its Associated Risk Factors among Domestic and Imported Patients in Taiwan during the 2011–2020 Period

et al. 2022

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Background and Objectives: Amebiasis remains an important public health problem worldwide, and immigration and increased international travel have affected incident disease cases. This study assesses the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in Taiwan between 2011 and 2020 by analyzing data from surveillance programs conducted by the Centers for Disease Control of Taiwan (TCDC) on laboratory-confirmed cases. Materials and Methods: The E. histolytica infection-related data reported to the National Infectious Diseases Statistics System at the TCDC from 01/01/2011 to 12/31/2020 were collected, including age, gender, place of residence, and the geographic season of exposure for each case. Results: In total, 3066 cases with E. histolytica infections were included in our analysis. Among them, 1,735 (57%) cases were imported, and 1,331 (43%) were locally acquired. The average annual incidence rate of E. histolytica infections in Taiwan between 2011 and 2020 was 10.6 and 16.1 per 1,000,000 patients. There were statistical differences in gender, age group, and place of residence (p < 0.001) by the source distribution of cases. Also, these differences were found every year (p < 0.05). There were statistical differences in gender and age group (p < 0.001) by place of residence (p < 0.001). The only difference between the distribution of cases and age group was in gender (p < 0.001). Eight patients with amebiasis died, and the fatality rate was 0.3% (8/3,066), of whom 75% (6/8) were male, and 75% (6/8) were over 45 years old. This study demonstrates that multiple linear regression analysis shows positive associations between NO2 concentration and amebiasis cases (B value = 2.569, p = 0.019), O3 concentration and amebiasis cases (B value = 0.294, p = 0.008), and temperature and amebiasis cases (B value = 1.096, p = 0.046). Conclusions: This study is the first report of confirmed E. histolytica cases from TCDC surveillance data between 2011 and 2020. This study showed the importance of long periods, air pollutants, and geographically comprehensive analysis for estimating the effect of amebiasis transmission in Taiwan’s populations.

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An Increased Risk of School-Aged Children with Viral Infection among Diarrhea Clusters in Taiwan during 2011–2019

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Unusual Complications of Norovirus Infection in Taiwan: What We Know after Rotavirus Vaccines

Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Unusual Complications of Norovirus Infection in Taiwan: What We Know after Rotavirus Vaccines

Epidemiology and risk factors for notifiable Clostridium botulinum infections in Taiwan from 2003 to 2020

The Epidemiology of Entamoeba histolytica Infection and Its Associated Risk Factors among Domestic and Imported Patients in Taiwan during the 2011–2020 Period

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