A B S T R A C TThe rate effect on the deformation mode of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is investigated by a comparative study between ductile and brittle compositions via real-time photographing. The strain-rate controls the deformation mode transition from shear-dominated sliding under quasi-static compression to cracking-dominated fracture under dynamic compression. In ductile BMGs, progressive sliding occurs at lower strain rate and contributes to a stable deformation manner. In brittle BMGs, however, unstable deformation occurs through rapid sliding even under quasi-static compression. Both ductile and brittle BMGs undergo unstable deformation under dynamic compression. The rate-dependent and composition-dependent tendency of stable or unstable deformation is well characterized by a model based on the ratio of the applied strain energy to the critical dissipation energy at the local shear banding region.