An indole-carbazole-based ratiometric emission pH fluorescent probe for imaging extreme acidity

A quinoline-based fluorometric and colorimetric dual-modal pH probe and its application in bioimaging

“…Fluorescence pH probes have found wide use in analytical chemistry, bio-analytical chemistry, and cellular biology. Over the past few years, the intelligent design of synthetic methods has led to the development of pH fluorescent probes based on quinoline [9][10][11][12], coumarin [12][13][14], indoles [15][16][17], dansyl [18], rhodamine [19][20][21][22][23], quaternary ammonium salt [24], naphthalimide [25,26], benzothiazole [27], cyanine dyes [28,29]. In particular, pH-sensitive fluorescent probes which operate near neutral pH for intracellular fluorescence imaging have been widely studied [30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

“…Nevertheless, most of the reported pH-sensitive fluorescent probes work under neutral or slightly acidic conditions, and only a few of them can operate for imaging of living ©2018, Elsevier. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ cells under extreme acidity [8,14,16,17,27,41] or over the full-range of pH [42,43]. Much less attention has been paid to fluorescent probes which are pH-sensitive in the lower pH region (pH < 5) or the higher pH region (pH > 9).…”

Sensing Performance and Efficiency of Two Energy Transfer-Based Two-Photon Fluorescent Probes for pH

“…Intracellular pH value plays a pivotal role in biological processes, such as the growth of the cell, transportation of the ions, shrinkage of muscle, and activity of the enzyme [1,2]. Abnormal pH values can lead to cellular dysfunctions and cause serious diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, cancer, arthritis, and many others [3,4,5]. Therefore, monitoring pH changes inside living cells is of great importance to research on the pathological and physiological processes of the cells [6,7].…”

An unexpected dual-response pH probe based on acridine

“…17,18 Among them, uorescent probes have attracted much attention because of their quick response, excellent sensitivity, good selectivity, non-invasive detection and low cost. 19 Till now, the improvements in synthetic methods have directed the development of uorescent probes with many skeletons, including carbazole, [20][21][22] BODIPY, [23][24][25] rhodamine, [26][27][28] cyanine, 29 etc.…”