Filter
membrane processes are water purification methods that use a partially
permeable membrane to separate contaminants from drinking water and
wastewater. Although highly effective, they suffer from biofouling
due to the aggregation of bacteria and contaminants from the filtrate,
thus rendering the membrane unusable. Consequently, the membrane needs
to be replaced on a regular basis, which interrupts filtration operation,
reduces throughput, and increases production cost. To address this
issue, we have developed a new method to remove biofoulants via induction
heating on a modified membrane with magnetite (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coating. Under applied alternating
magnetic field (AMF), the surface temperature of the MNPs coating
reaches 180 °C with a heating rate of 1.03 °C/s, which disintegrates
biofoulants generated by model bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and by those present in environmental water samples collected from
a local lake. The heating process is capable of cleaning biofoulants
for several cycles without damaging the filtration function of the
membrane. Furthermore, magnetic induction heating on the modified
membrane allows uniform high-intensity heat generation on a large
surface in only a few minutes using inexpensive MNPs, which can potentially
be scaled up for industrial applications.